Chapter One

Drama: Introduction

Drama is the act of portraying a story in front of an audience.How small a thing will
ruin or save one!". This moral of the story may be seen as a critique of
the importance of social class, since the story demonstrates that a
simple accident or circumstance forced upon a person (since the
necklace could have been stolen purposefully) can doom a person to a
completely different way of life. At the same time, Maupassant
demonstrates that social class does not correlate to happiness, as
Mme. Loisel seems more content in her life and her marriage when in
the poor class than when behaving either as a middle- or upper-class

woman. Themes: wd >>
1- The Deceptiveness of Appearances:

The reality of Mathilde's situation is that she is neither wealthy
nor part of the social class of which she feels she is a deserving
member, but Mathilde does everything in her power to make her life
appear different from how it is. She lives in an illusory world where her
actual life does not match the ideal life she has in her head--she
believes that her beauty and charm make her worthy of greater things. The party is a triumph because for the first time, her appearance
matches the reality of her life. She is prettier than the other women,
sought after by the men, and generally admired and flattered by all. Her life, in the few short hours of the party, is as she feels it should be.
However, beneath this rightness and seeming match of appearances
and reality is the truth that her appearance took a great deal of
scheming and work. The bliss of her evening was not achieved without
angst, and the reality of her appearance is much different than it
seems. Her wealth and class are simply illusions, and other people are

easily deceived. The deceptiveness of appearances is highlighted by Madame
Forestier's necklace, which appears to be made of diamonds but is
actually nothing more than costume jewelry. The fact that it comes
from Madame Forestier's jewelry box gives it the illusion of richness
and value; had Monsieur Loisel suggested that Mathilde wear fake
jewels, she surely would have scoffed at the idea, just as she scoffed at
his suggestion to wear flowers. Furthermore, the fact that Madame

Forestier--in Mathilde's view, the epitome of class and wealth--has a
necklace made of fake jewels suggests that even the wealthiest
members of society pretend to have more wealth than they actually
have. Both women are ultimately deceived by appearances: Madame
Forestier does not tell Mathilde that the diamonds are fake, and
Mathilde does not tell Madame Forestier that she has replaced the
necklace. The fact that the necklace changes-- unnoticed--from
worthless to precious suggests that true value is ultimately dependent

on perception and that appearances can easily deceive. -Th inger of mi:

Mathilde's perception of herself as a martyr leads her to take
unwise, self-serving actions. The Loisels live, appropriately, on the Rue
des Martyrs, and Mathilde feels she must suffer through a life that is
well beneath what she deserves. Unable to appreciate any aspect of
her life, including her devoted husband, she is pained by her feeling
that her beauty and charm are being wasted. When Mathilde loses the
necklace and sacrifices the next ten years of her life to pay back the
debts she incurred from buying a replacement, her feeling of being a

martyr intensifies. She undertakes the hard work with grim determination,
behaving more like a martyr than ever before. Her beauty is once again
being wasted; this work eventually erases it completely. Her lot in life
has gotten worse, and Mathilde continues to believe she has gotten
less than she deserves, never acknowledging the fact that she is
responsible for her own fate. Her belief in her martyrdom is, in a way,
the only thing she has left. When Madame Forestier reveals that the

necklace was worthless, Mathilde's sacrifices also become worthless,
: and her status as a martyr--however dubious--is taken away entirely. At the end of the story, Mathilde is left with nothing. Whereas Mathilde sees herself as a martyr but is actually very far
from it, Monsieur Loisel himself is truly a martyr, constantly sacrificing
his desires and, ultimately, his wellbeing for Mathilde's sake. He gives
up his desire for a gun so that Mathilde can buy a dress, and he
uncomplainingly mortgages his future to replace the necklace Mathilde
loses. Forced to sacrifice his happiness and years of his life to
accommodate Mathilde's selfish desires, he is the one who truly

becomes a martyr. 3- The Perceived Power of Objects:

believes that objects have the power to change her life, but
when she finally gets two of the objects she desires most, the dress
and necklace, her happiness is fleeting at best. The beautiful objects in other
women's homes and absence of such objects in her own home make
her feel like an outsider, fated to envy other women. The things she
does have--a comfortable home, hot soup, a loving husband--she
disdains. Mathilde effectively relinquishes control of her happiness to
objects that she does not even possess, and her obsession with the
trappings of the wealthy leads to her perpetual discontent. When she
finally acquires the dress and necklace, those objects seem to have a
transformative power. She is finally the woman she believes she was
meant to be--happy, admired, and envied. She has gotten what she
wanted, and her life has changed accordingly. However, when she
: loses the necklace, the dream dissolves instantly, and her life becomes
even worse than before. In reality, the power does not lie with the
objects but within herself. In contrast to Mathilde, Madame Forestier infuses objects with
little power. Her wealth enables her to purchase what she likes, but
more important, it also affords her the vantage point to realize that
these objects are not the most important things in the world. She
seems casual about, and even careless with her possessions: when
Mathilde brazenly requests to borrow her striking diamond necklace,
she agrees. And later, when Mathilde informs her that the necklace in
her possession is actually extremely valuable, she seems more rattled
by the idea that Mathilde has sacrificed her life unnecessarily. The fact
that Madame Forestier owned fake jewels in the first place suggests
that she understands that objects are only as powerful as people
perceive them to be. For her, fake jewels can be just as beautiful and

striking as real diamonds if one sees them as such. 4-The Necklace:

In The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant, we have the theme of
materialism, insecurity, discontent, happiness, sacrifice, selflessness,
desperation and humility. Taken from his The Complete Short Stories
collection the story is narrated in the third person by an unnamed
narrator and after reading the story the reader realises that de
Maupassant may be exploring the theme of materialism. Mme Loisel
believes or at least fantasizes about the fact that her life would be
better if her circumstances were improved by the wealthy finery that

she imagines others to have. At no stage does she consider herself to
be fortunate in any way. To have a loving husband and a household
that is not in debt. She longs for a different type of life one that is
driven by materialism. It is as though Mme Loisel believes that should
she have what others (wealthy people) have she will be happy. That
her life will improve. If anything there is a sense that Mme Loisel is
insecure in the life that she lives and can only see herself happy should

she have material possessions. At no stage in the story apart from when Mme Loisel is paying off
the debt does the reader suspect that she is content in any way. Throughout the story she is driven by her desire to own things. Considering this to be the marker for happiness. Mme Loisel appears to

believe that the more things that she owns the happier she will be.

De Maupassant also appears to be exploring the theme of
sacrifice. Rather than buying himself the gun that he had saved for
Monsieur Loisel gives the money (four hundred francs) to Mme Loisel
to buy a dress for the ball. He acts selflessly in order to allow Mme
Loisel feel comfortable before going to the ball. He also borrows the
thirty six thousand francs need to replace the necklace which 38
suggests not only that Monsieur Loisel is making another sacrifice but
he is also again acting selflessly. Helping Mme Loisel in order that she is
not accused of being a thief by Mme Forestier. Mme Loisel also makes
a sacrifice by selling her house and moving to smaller accommodation
and finding menial work to do in order to repay the debt incurred by
borrowing the money for the new necklace. It may also be important
to remember that the dramatic change in the Loisel's life has been

caused by Mme Loisel's desire to be somebody she is not. She is a
 lower middle class woman who attempted to live her life (for one day)

as an upper class woman. If anything Mme Loisel's desperation to be somebody she is not
has resulted in her life changing dramatically and for the worse. Though she does appear to be happy when she is working and paying
off the debt for the necklace. Whereas at the beginning of the story
she dreamt of living a wealthier more materialistic life and was
unhappy. It may also be important that Mme Forestier's necklace is
paste (fake) because despite it being fake Mme Forestier is happy. She
is not as materialistically driven as Mme Loisel. Which may be the
point that de Maupassant is attempting to make. He might be
suggesting through Mme Forestier's character that an individual can be
happy regardless of what they may own. Something that only appears
to dawn on Mme Loisel after she and Monsieur Loisel have successfully
paid off their debt for the necklace. Though de Maupassant does not inform the reader directly as to
whether Mme Loisel has learnt her lesson. There is a sense that she
has. When she is repaying the debt for the necklace she is no longer
preoccupied with herself and her aspirations for material things. Her
main priority is to pay off the thirty six thousand francs. Also Mme
Loisel is described as being 'glad' that the whole affair of paying of the
necklace is over. Which further suggests that Mme Loisel may be
conscious enough to realise that she is now happy with what she has
got (husband and debt free). Rather than chasing material things Mme Loisel appears to be
focusing on the things that she has. The simple things that she
: previously looked upon with disregard. No longer is she as discontent
even though she has spent ten years paying back the money for the
necklace. It is as though a weight has been lifted from Mme Loisel's
shoulders. The desire for material things is no longer. Mme Loisel has
been humbled by her experiences over the last ten years. She may be
poor but she is happier than she previously was when she was driven
by her desire to own possessions that would have been of no use to

her. The end of the story is also interesting as there is a hint of irony
in the fact that Mme Forestier tells Mme Loisel that the necklace was
only worth about five hundred francs. It is possible that de Maupassant
is highlighting the importance of appearance to Mme Loisel. She
originally chose the necklace because she believed that it was made of
diamonds. So over powering were Mme Loisel's desires for material
things she never imagined that what she might have been wearing was
fake. In essence de Maupassant may be suggesting that not everything
an individual sees may be what it seems and that happiness comes

from within. Not from material possessions. Chapter Three
Elements of Poetry

- Poetry: A type of literature that uses sounds, rhythms, and meanings
of words to describe the word in striking and imaginative ways. ~ Structure: The way the words and lines are arranged. = Speaker: The person or character who communicates the words of
the poem. Poetic Language is specific, imaginative, and rich with
emotion. Every form of poetry has its own structure. -Lines: Poetry is divided into lines or groups of words. Stanza: A series of lines grouped together and separated by an empty
line from other stanzas. One way to identify a stanza is to count the
number of lines. Thus:

+ couplet (2 lines) : a stanza that consists of two lines. + tercet (3 lines); a stanza that consists of three lines. + quatrain (4 lines): a stanza that consists of four lines. + cinquain (5 lines): a stanza that consists of five lines. + sestet(6lines): a stanza that consists of six lines. + septet(7 lines): a stanza that consists of seven lines. + octave (8 lines): a stanza that consists of eight lines. = Form: A poem may or may not have a specific number of lines, rhyme
scheme and/or metrical pattern, but it can still be labeled according to
its form or style. Here are the three most common types of

poems according to form:
. Lyric Poetry: It is any poem with one speaker (not necessarily the
poet) who expresses strong thoughts and feelings. Most poems,
especially modern ones, are lyric poems. 2. Narrative Poem: It is a poem that tells a story; its structure
resembles the plot line of a story [i.e. the introduction of conflict and
characters, rising action, climax and the denouement]. 3. Descriptive Poem: It is a poem that describes the world that
surrounds the speaker. It uses elaborate imagery and adjectives. While
emotional, it is more "outward-focused" than lyric poetry, which is
more personal and introspective.The third person omniscient
view reveals the thoughts of any character the author chooses, such as,
"Bob was afraid of the dragon as well as Sue, but she had the presence

of mind not to show her fear." Good short story writing will include engaging dialogue, sensory

descriptions, vivid action, as well as a tightly woven narrative. Characters in fiction can be classified as major and minor, static
and dynamic. A major character is an important figure at the center of
the story's action or theme. The major character is sometimes called a
protagonist whose conflict with an antagonist may spark the story's
conflict. Supporting the major character are one or more secondary or
minor characters whose function is partly to illuminate the major
characters. Minor characters are often static or unchanging: they
remain the same from the beginning of a work to the end. Dynamic
characters, on the other hand, exhibit some kind of change -- of

attitude, purpose, behavior, as the story progresses. 2- Irony: is not so much an element of fiction as a pervasive quality in
it. It may appear in fiction in three ways: in a work's language, in its
incidents, or in its point of view. But in whatever form it emerges,
irony always involves a contrast or discrepancy between one thing and
another. The contrast may be between what is said and what is meant
{verbal irony), what is expected to happen and what actually happens
(situational irony) or between what a character believes or says and
what the reader understands to be true (dramatic irony). 3- Plot, the action element in fiction, is the arrangement of events that
make up a story. Many fictional plots turn on a conflict, or struggle
between opposing forces, that is usually resolved by the end of the

story. Typical fictional plots begin with an exposition that provides
: background information needed to make sense of the action, describes
the setting, and introduces the major characters; these plots develop a
series of complications or intensifications of the conflict that lead to a
crisis or moment of great tension. The conflict may reach a climax or
turning point, a moment of greatest tension that fixes the outcome;
then, the action falls off as the plot's complications are sorted out and

resolved. 4- Point of view: refers to who tells the story and how it is told. The
possible ways of telling a story are many, and more than one point of
view can be worked into a single story. However, the various points of
view that storytellers draw upon can be grouped into two broad

categories:
Third-Person Narrator (uses pronouns he, she, or they):

1, Omniscient: The narrator is all-knowing and takes the reader inside
the characters' thoughts, feelings, and motives, as well as shows what

the characters say and do.

2. Limited omniscient: The narrator takes the reader inside one (or at
most very few characters) but neither the reader nor the character(s)

has access to the inner lives of any of the other characters in the story. 3. Objective: The narrator does not see into the mind of any character;
rather he or she reports the action and dialogue without telling the

reader directly what the characters feel and think. First-Person Narrator (uses pronoun |): The narrator presents the point

of view of only one character's consciousness, which limits the
: narrative to what the first-person narrator knows, experiences, infers,

or can find out by talking to other characters. 5- Setting is the physical and social context in which the action of a
story occurs. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and
the social environment that frames the characters. These elements
establish the world in which the characters act. Sometimes the setting
is lightly sketched, presented only because the story has to take place
somewhere and at some time. Often, however, the setting is more
important, giving the reader the feel of the people who move through
it. Setting can be used to evoke a mood or atmosphere that will

prepare the reader for what is to come. 6- Style:

is the way a writer chooses words (diction), arranges them in
sentences and longer units of discourse (syntax) and exploits their
significance. Style is the verbal identity of a writer, as unmistakable as
his or her face or voice. Reflecting their individuality, writers' styles

convey their unique ways of seeing the world. 7-_Symbol: is a person, object, image, word, ore vent that evokes a
range of additional meanings beyond and usually more abstract than
its literal significance. Symbols are devices for evoking complex ideas

without having to resort to painstaking explanations. 8- Theme: is the central idea or meaning of a story. Theme in fiction is
rarely presented at all; it is abstracted from the details of character and

action that compose the story. It provides a unifying point around
 which the plot, characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other

elements of a story are organized. 9- Tone : is the author's implicit attitude toward the reader, subject,
and/or the people, places, and events in a work as revealed by the
elements of the author's style. Tone may be characterized as serious or

ironic, sad or happy, private of public, angry or affectionate. : Summary and Analysis

Summary:

A young woman, Mathilde, is born to a low class family. With
no money for a dowry, she is married to Monsieur Loisel, a clerk from
the Board of Education. Mathilde always felt like she should have been
born to the upper class and is unhappy in her married life, hating their
home, their food, and her lack of fine clothing and jewelry. One
evening, her husband presents her excitedly with an invitation to
attend an event at the Minister of Public Instruction's home. To the
surprise of M. Loisel, Mathilde--- now Mme. Loisel-throws the
invitation down in dismay, weeping and complaining that she has
nothing to wear to such an event. Her husband offers to give her the
money for something suitable, and she calculates the maximum

amount she could request without him refusing her immediately. When she requests this amount, her husband pales, thinking of
the hunting gun for which he has been saving that exact amount;
nonetheless, he agrees. The day of the ball approaches and Mme. Loisel's dress is made ready, but she is still dismayed. When asked
why, she replies that she is embarrassed to attend the ball without any
jewels. Her husband, after being chastised for suggesting she wear
flowers in her hair instead, suggests that she ask to borrow some
jewels from her rich friend, Mme. Forestier. Mme Loisel agrees and
goes to see her friend the next day, greedily choosing one of Mme. Forestier's finest necklaces. : At the ball, Madame Loisel is a hit - elegant, joyful, and desired
for waltzes. She and M. Loisel return home at nearly 4 o'clock in the
morning. Once they are home, Mme. Loisel realizes that she lost the
necklace. She and her husband discuss the situation frantically; Mme. Loisel that she felt it on her after leaving the ball, so it must be in the
road somewhere. Her husband goes back out to look on the ground the
entire way they just walked, though he must be at work in only a few

hours. He returns empty-handed hours later. The couple places a notice with the police department and, at
the suggestion of her husband, Madame Loisel writes a note to her
friend saying the clasp of the necklace has broken and they are having
it repaired. After a week with no news, M. Loisel proclaims that they
must replace it, and the couple finds a replacement for 36,000 francs. M. Loisel had 18,000 francs from his father's will and borrows the
remaining sum, making "ruinous promises" in the process.Of the men on the ship Paddy could be
considered the "extreme-monkey" because he has been doing labor

jobs longer than most of the firemen--labor jobs fit for monkeys. Paddy brings historical perspective to The Hairy Ape. His extensive
monologue in Scene One details how shipping used to be aboard
Clipper Ships. Without Paddy's presence the audience would not have
as much perspective about the revolution brought about by machines. Paddy has experienced life on the sea that was free, where he was
empowered and valued. Paddy, unlike many of the men, knows what it

is like to not do slave labor. The acceptance and attachment to the
modern-ship machine enslaves men like Yank. The need for belonging,
without the knowledge of what else to belong to, is dangerous as

exemplified by Yank's encounter with Mildred. Paddy's characterization of Mildred in Scene Four demor-*--*-- **-+
he has real knowledge of the Bourgeois lifestyle. Paddy's 56/167
Mildred's look and fainting spell in the stokehole defines Yank's own
opinion of Mildred. Paddy's experiences let him have real opinions. While the development of one's opinion is definitely a process of age,

it is also a benefit of freedom. Themes

1- The search For Identity in Eugene O'Neill's The Hairy Ape

Eugene O'Neill's real concern was the oppressed industrial
working class and the effect of capitalists on worker. They enslaved the
workers and deprived them from their self-esteem and free will. He
criticized the capitalist system, and attacked the movement that
should stand by the workers, fulfill their needs and solve their
problem. However, Oscar G. Brockett stated that " industrialism and
science have kept man's eyes on the ground and have reduced him to

machine like creature".Example: "To be, or not to be", a soliloquy from Hamlet. Music in Drama:

It provides the cadence to the dialogues and adds an element of
the theatrical presentation. Though not indispensable in a drama,
music provides sounds to the action in the drama. It creates patterns
and rhythm of those patterns. It is used to enhance the experience of
the audience and provide heightened sensorial stimulation for the
audience. It also adds more power to the ideas presented in the play
like a tragedy, heroism, optimism, loss, etc. Even the thoughts and
desires of the characters are depicted through various musical
elements and compositions. The right kind of sound effects or music

greatly supplements the ebb and flow of emotions in the play. Plot Overview

The firemen, workers who shovel coal into the engine of a
Transatlantic Ocean Liner, sit in the forecastle of the ship drinking and
carrying on with each other. They are an hour out of New York City and
have seven more days aboard ship. The men are burly and muscular. Yank, the fiercest looking of the men, sits in the foreground quietly. Whenever Yank speaks the men immediately hush. Yank asks for a
beer and the men immediately give one to him. As Yank and the men
drink, Yank remains in control as the leader of the group. Yank and the
men joke about thinking as they drink. Yank, in a joke repeated during
the play, tells the men to be quiet because he is trying to "tink."Yank tries to attract attention to himself by bumping into
people and accosting a young woman, but receives no response but "I
beg your pardon." Finally, Yank is arrested because he makes a
Gentleman miss his bus. Yank is imprisoned on Blackwell's Island and
converses with the other prisoners in Scene Six. The men tell him that
if he wants to get even with Mildred and her father's company he
should join the Wobblies or the Industrial Workers of the World. Yank
realizes that Mildred's father built both the physical and metaphorical
cage he is trapped in. In a fury, Yank actually bends the bars of his cell,
but is restrained by the guards. Yank visits the local 1.W.W. in Scene Seven, but is rejected
because the Secretary thinks he is a governmental spy. Yank is thrown out on the
street. Yank spends the night at the Battery and the next morning visits
the Monkey House at the Zoo. In Scene Eight, Yank attempts to
befriend the ape. He tells the ape that they are alike--both caged and
taunted. Yank believes he and the ape belong to the same club and
calls him brother. Yank releases the gorilla from his cage and
approaches the ape to shake his hand. The gorilla springs on Yank,
crushes Yank with his massive arms and then tosses Yank into his cage. Yank dies in the gorilla's cage. Characters
Yank:

The struggle of Yank, a fireman who works aboard a Transatlantic
Liner, is the subject of The Hairy Ape. Yank, real name is Bob Smith,
was born in New York City. Yank does not reveal many details of his
family history, but, from what he does say, it is clear that it was
painful. His mother died of the "tremens" and his father, a shore-
worker, was abusive.They rent rooms and Madame Loisel learns to cook,
clean for many, be "clothed like a woman of the people" and haggle at
the market. Her husband works evenings and takes on side jobs
bookkeeping and copying. After ten years, they are finally able to pay
off all of their debts. Sitting at home, a hardened, old woman, Madame
Loisel thinks back on how her life might have been, had she not lost
the necklace. One day, while taking a walk, Mme. Loisel runs into

Mme. Forestier. She approaches her old friend, and Mme. Forestier
 almost doesn't recognize her. In a sudden burst of emotion, Madame
Loisel reveals her entire story of losing the necklace, replacing it, and
working off the cost of the replacement ever since. In response,
Madame Forestier replies that the original necklace did not contain
actual diamonds but rather fake diamonds, meaning the original
necklace cost no more than 500 francs. Analysis As writer in 19th-
century France, Maupassant writes in a style called Literary Realism. The clearest example of this style comes in the final third of the story,
when he describes the poor, working lives of the Loisels. Maupassant
contrasts this with the almost romantic description of the party that

the Loisels attend, at which Mathilde wore the titular necklace. As gender played an important role in 19th-century French
society, so too does it in "The Necklace."The
men mockingly repeat after him, "think" and then erupt into a chorus
of "Drink, don't think!" Cutting through the general mayhem, a
drunken tenor sings a tune about his lass at home. Talk of home
outside the ocean liner infuriates Yank and he tells the tenor to be
quiet. Long, quite drunk, stands up and makes a Marxist speech,
preaching to the men that if the ship is home, their home is hell and
the Upper Class put them there. Yank tells him to join the Salvation
Army and get a soapbox. Paddy, a wise, older fireman tells the men
that life on an Ocean Liner is hell by comparison to his life on a Clipper
Ship. Paddy reminisces about the freedom he enjoyed, the purpose he
had and skill for which he was valued. Mildred and her Aunt lounge on the promenade deck of the

Ocean Liner. Mildred and her Aunt discuss Mildred's need to do service
 for the poor. Mildred worked with the poor in Manhattan's Lower East
Side and is currently on her way to do more service projects in Europe. Mildred's Aunt characterizes Mildred's service as "slumming" and does
not understand why she has to do it internationally.When he thinks he "belongs" to something he
gains strength, when Yank is rejected by a group, he is terribly weak. However, Yank is rejected by all facets of society: his fellow firemen,
Mildred, the street goers of 5th Ave., The |.W.W., and finally the ape in
the zoo. Yank symbolizes the struggle of modern man within industrial

society--he cannot break class or ideological barriers, nor create new
ones. Yank is the outsider, and eventually just the freak at the zoo for

people to cage and point at.

Mildred Douglas:

Mildred Douglas, the picture of piety and service, is anything but. Mildred is the pale and feeble daughter of the owner of Nazareth
Steel. She has been lavishly spoiled and enjoyed every possible
privilege money can buy. In college, Mildred studied sociology and is
on a crusade to help the poor. Mildred has previously worked with the
disadvantaged people in New York's Lower East Side. Mildred's Aunt is
accompanying her to Europe where she will embark on more service
projects. While on the Ocean Liner Mildred asks permission to visit the
lower portions ship to view how the "other half" (Yank and the
firemen) live.But the prime value is not the
need to revolt but to 'belong'." Yank dies without knowing his real
identity. He is not a part of steel and machinery, but actually, he is

their salve. 2- Human Regression by Industrialization:

The resounding theme of The Hairy Apeis the effect of
industrialization and technological progress on the worker. Industrialization has reduced the human worker into a machine. The
men are programmed to do one task, are turned on and off by
whistles, and are not required to think independently. Today, the job
of the coal stoker is actually done by a machine. Workers are thus
forced into jobs that require nothing but grunt work and physical labor,
which has, in turn, caused a general deterioration of the worker into a
Neanderthal or Ape- like state. This is made clear by O'Neill's stage
direction, which indicates that the Firemen actually look like
Neanderthals and one of the oldest workers, Paddy, as "extremely
monkey-like."To help his audience probl
into Yank's mind, O'Neill tends to employ monologue as ani
expressionistic technique.Throughout this struggle Yank defines
"belonging" as power.