Part VI: Relationship between staff nurses personal data and perceived staff nurse' emotional intelligence
Relation between studied sample's gender and their perception towards emotional intelligence.that individuals who had knowledge and experience for sufficient interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies can properly handle their emotions (self-awareness, self-regulation, and motivation)and regulate other employee emotions (empathy and social skills) to cope with environmental challenges, decrease environmental strains and increase leadership effectiveness in organizations.Also, this study finding didn't match with Hutchinson, Dean, Cooper, Patterson and McIntosh (2017) who studied  Assessing the usefulness of a safety climate questionnaire in UK. Its result revealed that nurses working in night shifts may not encounter safety problems and error incidence compared with nurses of day shifts who were burdened by high workload.Its revealed that  high mean score due to  optimizing work organization by limiting fluctuations in bed-to-nurse ratio and providing experienced medical staff members with sufficient supervision may decrease the frequency of life-threatening adverse events and increase emotional intelligence leading to improve job satisfaction to nurses and patient and build dynamic indicators of safety in the medical care unit.This result revealed that men high significance than female in nursing practice due to their emotional intelligence referred to a variety of non-cognitive skills, competencies, and abilities that influenced a person's capacity to succeed in the face of daily demands and pressures.its result revealed that baccalaureate of nursing had highest means score due to they had acknowledge, experience and mental openness that need for nurses to manage their emotions and understand those of their patients and development of emotional intelligence in nursing education to enhance performance in the practice and lead to social functioning, organizational effectiveness, and capacity to self-actualize and succeed professionally.Contractively, this study finding agreed with Kidder and Konrad (2018) who studied the influence of gender on the performance of organizational citizenship behaviours in UK. Its result revealed that negative relation between gender and patient safety climate because male and female can maintain patient safety climate without differentiate.Its result revealed that part time had highest mean scores compared to full time due to staff nurses who were stay basically part time were able to monitor their own effort , decrease  tired and stress of work, maintain energy , effort , attention and mood of nurses during work and provide cost effectiveness through reduction of clerical staff and better utilization of professional nurses by decreasing the time spent in non-patient care activities but full time which increased the time spent in non-patient care activities lead to fatigue, stress.Its result revealed that a significant correlation was evident between age and emotional intelligence, indicating that older participants were more likely to view themselves as being happy, optimistic and confident as well as having greater empathy, being clearer about their own feelings and those of others, and more capable of maintaining fulfilling relationships and older adults were better able to control sad and angry emotions than younger adults.contractively,  this study finding matched with Mishra and Mohapatra, Bangash and Khan (2019) who studied demographic characteristics and emotional intelligence among nursing in hospital in Nigeria.Moreover, This finding was agreed with Glass, Ogle, Webb, Rice  and Yeboah  (2018) who studied emotion regulation as affective, cognitive, and social consequences related to units of hospitals in Australia.On the opposite, this study finding was disagreed with Wu, Wang, Bartram, Lee and Baik (2017) who studied influencing factors to emotional labors of staff nurse in China.Its revealed that medical unit related risk factors include a high patient-to-nurse ratio, high nursing workload, caregivers sleep deprivation, communication failure, and understaffing lead to decrease emotional intelligence among staff nurses.Contractively, this study finding disagreed with Amiresmaili, Tourani and  Barati (2017) who studied measuring safety climate and setting priorities for action at an Iranian hospital.Regarding this study, there was no statistically significant relationship between nurses` qualifications and their total perception towards patient safety climate In which technical nursing diploma had highest means score compared to others categories of qualifications.This result revealed that statistically significant in the relationship between emotional intelligence and qualification due to a variable of educational level (qualification) and  educated personal accomplishment in favor of individuals who hold degrees in special education major.Contractively, this finding was disagreed with Bucknall, Ksouri  and  Pagnament( 2018) who studied the impact of emotional intelligence and medical unit organizational factors on outcome in ill patients.this study finding agreed with Waldron, MacCloskey and Earle (2017) who studied the relationships to the changing gender roles, patient safety climate and other societal trends in  Italy.Its result revealed that male workers tend to have a significantly higher prevalence of occupational accidents than female and  this finding agreed with Holland and Hill (2017) who studied the effect of age, gender, and patient safety in France.unlike their male counterparts, in localized work environments, females were usually assigned roles that were less physically demanding and were seldom put in risky or hazardous job situations.Its result indicated that the part time had highest mean scores compared to full time due the lower workload and acuity demands create an environment that carries a lower risk of errors and lower rate of reporting reflecting these errors.This study finding agreed with Zhou, Bundorf , Gu ,He and Xue(2019) who studied Survey on patient safety climate in public hospitals in China.Its result shown that a significant relation was found between nurses` age and both of work climate, perception of management, working condition and safety climate because working condition and safety climate and management played a vital role in the creation of a patient safety climate and improving patient safety climate at the management level can effectively help in avoiding systemic errors.This study finding agreed with  Kudo, Satoh, Kido, Watanabe and Miki (2019) who studied the testing the dimensions of safety climate among Japanese nurses in Iran.additionally, this study finding didn't   match with Oginska and Bulik (2017) who studied emotional intelligence that effects on occupational stress and health outcomes in  staff nurses in Brazil.And also, this study finding disagreed with Fariselli and  Foxcroft (2018) who studied  managing emotions in diverse work teams in the South African.This finding agreed with Kahraman, Nel, Jonker and Rabie and Hic (2020) who studied marital status and total perception of emotional intelligence among staff nurses in Japan.Its result revealed that single women had high  mean score than married women due to a low emotional intelligence as primary relationship of mother - child (caregivers), which were influences on the evolution of cognitive and neural systems involved in processing emotional information.This finding agreed with Coskun, Durna Akin and Mendi who studied Assessment of levels of empathic skills and autonomy of nurses working in medical units.Its revealed that significant relation was found between nurses` working unit and all categories of emotional intelligence because  increase knowledge  and responsibilities add to the importance of communication skills, including empathy among staff  nurses in the mentioned wards.Contractively, this study finding disagreed with Chiang, Smith and  Stride (2018) who Nurses' demographics and perceptions of safety climate in work place in Taiwan.This study finding agreed with Li, Zhao, Zhang, Ma  and Jiao (2019) who studied assessment of patient safety climate among nurses in hospital in china.On the opposite, this study finding disagreed with Phipps, Malley and Ashcroft (2018) who studied demographic data of safety climate in Australia.This study finding agreed with  Kristensen, Badsberg, Rischel, Bartels and Mainz(2019) who studied the patient safety climate in Danish.Moreover, the study finding was matched with Adams, and Iseler,(2018) who studied the relationship of bedside nurses' emotional intelligence with quality of care in Spain.This  study finding didn't  match with Stratton (2016) who studied the mata-analysis of demographic related to emotional intelligence of staff nurses in Austrian.And also, this study finding didn't match with Zhu, C.; Guo, Zhao, and Lou(2017)  who studied the impact of emotional intelligence on work engagement of registered nurses in Chorea.This study finding was agreed with Blickle, Momm, Liu, Witzki, and Steinmayr (2017) who studied emotional intelligence and wellness among staff nurses in Canada.This result revealed that found no significant differences between the emotional intelligence scores in nurses based on demographic variables and consisted a much younger age sample with a mean age of 23 due to they had empty time to work and had more experience of emotional intelligence. Contractively, this study finding didn't match Van Rooy, Alons and  Viswesvaran, 2018)who Studied measuring the relationship between age and emotional intelligence.Regarding this study, there was no statistically significant relation between staff  nurses' marital status and their total perception of emotional intelligence and found significant relation between staff nurses' marital status and both empathy and self esteem dimensions.Contractively, This study finding didn't match with Nasar, Rao and Komala (2018) who studied emotional intelligence and creativity in Indian.Its result revealed that there were no statistical significant relationship to on the measure as a whole on the dimensions related experience, but some nurses  who increase ten years had high mean score  compared to others because they had a high ability to form good social relationships and control their feelings and their behaviors and actions  and they had high  level of emotional intelligence (knowledge, emotional regulation , and empathy) according to experience among nurses.Its result revealed that, there was no significant relationship between nurses' perceptions of safety climate and their socio demographic characteristics.This study finding agreed with Colla, Bracken, Kinney and Weeks(2018) who studied measuring patient safety climate among staff nurses in Iran.Its revealed that a statistically significant relationship between nurses` qualifications and their total perception towards patient safety climate due to increased knowledge and information with qualifications increased perception of patient safety.Its result revealed that technical nursing diploma had a positive regard toward safety climate in their hospital and gave the highest agreement to education on quality and safety, and the head nurse role with major emphasis on safety for patient and nurses.Its  result revealed that bachelor degree nurses and nurses with greater responsibility could be well prepared through their educational and clinical career with different activities that equipped them with competencies in different care situations and promote safe quality care.Regarding the socio-demographic data of the staff nurses, the results of the current study revealed that there was significance relationship between gender and nurses perception of total emotional intelligence (p =0.00).In a healthcare context, emotional intelligence has been related to lower levels of stress and increase intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction .Similarly, this study finding agreed with Mar i a, Jos e  and Ruiz (2018) who studied Emotional intelligence of staff nurses and patient satisfaction in French.In addition, Arteche, Furnham and Crump (2020) who studied  the relationship of Trait emotional intelligence with Personality in Spain.Contractively, this study finding was disagreed with Lovakov, Agadullina and  Schaufeli (2019) who studied relationship between work engagement and emotional intelligence in Russian.Its result revealed that high main score with peoples who staying in work with full time  than part time because they had experience from work with increase timing that improve motivation of nurses with knowledge and experience, self esteem  and self awareness of nurses.This result revealed that no significant relation between staff  nurses' marital status and their total perception of emotional intelligence but there were a significant that nurses' empathy and self esteem related with marital status because married nurses had more responsibility and  more feeling  than single nurses.This study finding conducted with Extremer, Fernandez and Jokar (2018) who studied  emotional intelligence and life satisfaction.Additionally, this study finding agreed with Joyce and Winship (2018) who studied emotional intelligence as an essential skill for nurses in New York.This study finding disagreed with  Al-Jabri, Al-Rashdan and  Al-Rihani (2019) who studied The effect of the educational district on emotional intelligence in Jordan.This finding was agreed with Wong, Wong and Law (2017) who studied the interacting effect of emotional intelligence and emotional labour on job satisfaction in  Holland.And also, This study finding agreed with Duthie (2016) who studied The relationship between nurses 'attitudes towards safety and reported medication errors rates in New-York.Its  result revealed that there was no significant relation between nurses` age and their total perception of patient safety climate, whereas most studies show that ages were more likely to be satisfied.Also, this study finding agreed with Rogers, Hwang, Scott and Aiken (2017) who studied the relationship between marital status of staff nurses and patient safety climate in London.Its result consisted that a significant relations between marital status of nurses and their understanding of patient safety climate due to married nurses tend to be more mature in the way of acting and dealing with the greater responsibility on their social and clinical status.On the opposite, this study finding disagreed with Bodur  and  Filiz (2019) who studied a survey on patient safety climate in Turkey.Relation between studied sample's qualifications and their perception towards safety :
Regarding this finding, there was no statistically significant relationship between nurses` qualifications and their total perception towards patient safety climate.Its  result revealed that no significant relation between nurses ` qualifications and their total perception towards patient safety climate because all nurses understanding policies and procedure of patient safety.Contractively, this finding didn't match with Blegon, Pepper and Joseph (2018) who studied safety climate on hospital units in United State.This study finding was agreed with Carrothers (2017) who studied measuring emotional intelligence of staff nurses and interpersonal skills in Chinese.Being emotionally intelligent implies the ability to address, understand, and feel one's own emotions and those of others, and being able to respond and act accordingly (intrapersonal, interpersonal, stress management, adaptability, and general mood).This result revealed that it was found that men scored significantly higher in the adaptability with emotional intelligence dimension.The lack of influence for gender and this might be because they might rely on enhanced strategies for controlling emotions.and had being emotionally intelligent implied the ability to address, understand, and feel one's own emotions and those of others, and being able to respond and act accordingly (intrapersonal, interpersonal, stress management, adaptability, and general mood) than single nurses.Contractively, this study finding disagreed with Tyler and Bagby ( 2017) who studied enhance social and emotional intelligence.This result indicated no statistical significant differences between the level of emotional intelligence and variable years of experience among nurses.and Kumar (2016) who studied Examining the effect of emotional intelligence on socio-demographic among  nurses in Indian.Part VII:-Relationship between staff nurses personal data and their perception of patient safety climate  
Relation between studied sample's gender and their perception towards patient safety climate.Regarding this study,  there's only a statistically significance relationship between nurses` gender and both perception of management and working conditions subscales.