Introduction Environmental considerations  need to be integrated  with policy  analysis.Previous work  on  LCA  can  be a valuable decision  support tool,  for example  in aluminium  recycling to identify  the environmental burdens and benefits, of  altering  the raw  materials in  the recycling  process [5]; or for  comparing  alternative solid state recycling  routes  with the remelting  ones  [7]; or for quantifying future emission  pathways  for the global aluminium  cycle [2].Fossil-fuel-fired  or nuclear-centralized steam  generators; large-scale and small-scale hydroelectric power; and renewable options, such  as geothermal,  wind,  and solar power, each have  a unique  set of  properties that can significantly  influence the results of  the life cycle assessment.The energy  consumed  in  any  stage in  the life cycle of  the production  chain  has a  significant  effect  on the associated inventory  of  emissions and environmental impacts because of  large  differences  in  power generation.Primary  aluminium  production  is one  of  the  most  energy intensive  materials, requiring on  average 66MJ  of  energy  per kg  in  2012, of  which  80% as electricity  in  the Hall-Heroult process  [8].The  Green  House  Gas  (GHG)  emissions associated  with  the 2007 global aluminium  cycle account  for 0.45 Gt  CO2  eq., or  approximately  1% of  the global GHG emissions [9, 2].Smelting  and other primary-productionrelated processes (mining, refining  and production  of  anodes for smelting)  together are responsible  for over 90% of the  total emissions [2].The  most important emission  source is  indirect emissions (65% of  the total), predominately  occurring  from  electricity  production, followed by  process  emissions  (18%) and fossil fuels (17%).Thus, indirectly, the overall environmental impact of primary  aluminium  production,  is highly  geographically dependent  on  the  energy  mix  used for  power generation.This paper aims to address this  research question  and provide a more detailed  view  of  the sector's impact  by  analysing  the identified  major contributing  countries.LCA  is  widely  used  in  the aluminium  industry [1-5] and provides a comprehensive  methodology  [6].Different regions/countries  use different energy  mixes  for electricity  production.For this reason  a detailed  comparative  LCA  study  was conducted.