Note-taking
Note-taking (sometimes written as
notetaking or note taking) is the practice
of recording information captured from
President Jimmy Carter's Notes from his private
meeting with Pope John Paul II, October 6, 1979.Current research shows
that students who use the SQ3R strategy
retain more information and achieve
higher test scores.[30]
Guided notes
Sometimes lecturers may provide
handouts of guided notes, which provide
a "map" of the lecture content with key
points or ideas missing. Students then fill
in missing items as the lecture
progresses. Guided notes may assist
students in following lectures and
identifying the most important ideas
from a lecture. This format provides
students with a framework, yet requires
active listening (as opposed to providing
copies of power point slides in their
entirety), and promotes active
engagement during lecture or
independent reading, provide full and
accurate notes for use as a study guide,
helping the student to identify the most
important information covered. Research
suggests that guided notes improve
student recording of critical points in
lecture, as well as quiz scores on related
content. In addition, an investigation
carried out on students with learning
problems showed that the use of the
guided notes is an effective strategy to
improve the performance of these
students.[31]
The growing ubiquity of laptops in
universities and colleges has led to a rise
in electronic note-taking. Many students
write their notes in word processors or
prepare digital hand-written notes using a
graphics tablet or tablet computer and
styli or digital pens, with the aid of notetaking
software. Online applications are
receiving growing attention from
students who can forward notes using
email, or otherwise make use of
collaborative features in these
applications and can also download the
texts as a file (txt, rtf...) in a local
Electronic note-taking
methods
computer. It has also become common
for lecturers to deliver lectures using
these and similar technologies, including
electronic whiteboards, especially at
institutes of technology. Online note-taking has created problems
for teachers who must balance
educational freedom with copyright and
intellectual property concerns regarding
course content.[32]
Electronic note-taking has shown
ineffectiveness when compared to
traditional methods of note-taking. A
study done by Pam A. Mueller of
Princeton University and Daniel M.
Oppenheimer of the University of
California have shown that students who
take notes digitally against students who
take notes on paper retain less
information and have difficulties
remembering what they've typed
down.[33] Electronic note-taking has
created computer-aided distractions in
class as multitasking on laptops is very
easy to accomplish.[34] However these
researches are only about typing notes
on laptops, not writing on tablets. Laptops are usually a controlled device in
classrooms and students may or not be
able to take notes on their digital devices
when required.[35]
The Cornell Method is a systematical
structure that help organize your notes,
actively involve you in the creation of
knowledge, improve your study
expertness, and lead to academic
success. The Cornell method of taking
notes was developed by Dr. Walter Pauk
Cornell Method
Cornell Method "One of the most influential method
of developmental education and study skills"
of Cornell University in 1940's.In the
Renaissance and early modern period,
students learned to take notes in
schools, academies and universities,
oftentimes producing beautiful volumes
that served as reference works after they
finished their studies.[2][3] In predigital
times there were many kinds of
notebooks used by adults, some of which
included accounting waste books,
marginalia, and commonplace books.[4]
Philosopher John Locke developed an
indexing system[5] which served as a
model for commonplace books; for
example, it inspired another book, Bell's
Common-Place Book, Formed generally
upon the Principles Recommended and
Practised by Mr Locke nearly a century
later.[6]
Note-taking is a central aspect of a
complex human behavior related to
information management involving a
range of underlying mental processes
and their interactions with other cognitive
functions.[7] The person taking notes
must acquire and filter the incoming
sources, organize and restructure
existing knowledge structures,
comprehend and write down their
explanation of the information, and
Cognitive psychology
ultimately store and integrate the freshly
processed material.The result is a
knowledge representation, and a memory
storage.[1] Studies comparing the
performance of students who took
handwritten notes to students who typed
their notes found that students who took
handwritten notes performed better on
examinations, hypothetically due to the
deeper processing of learned material
through selective rephrasing instead of
word-for-word transcription which is
common when typing notes.[8]
Systems
Many different formats are used to
structure information and make it easier
to find and to understand, later. The average rate of speech is 2-
3 words per second, but the average
handwriting speed as only 0.2-0.3 words
per second.[7]
Regardless of the medium (paper,
computer), note-taking can be broadly
divided into linear and nonlinear
methods, which can be combined.Practice in notetaking
may lead to great skills in it that
may also lead to success in the future.[9]
In some contexts, such as college
lectures, the main purpose of taking
notes may be to implant the material in
the mind; the written notes themselves
being of secondary importance.Notes and thoughts are
organised in a structured, logical manner,
reducing the time needed to edit and
review, allowing a lot of information to be
digested in a short period of time.A common system consists
of headings that use Roman numerals,
letters of the alphabet, and Arabic
numerals at different levels.By taking notes, the
writer records the essence of the
information, freeing their mind from
having to recall everything.[1] Notes are
commonly drawn from a transient
source, such as an oral discussion at a
meeting, or a lecture (notes of a meeting
are usually called minutes), in which case
the notes may be the only record of the
event.In the
digital age, computers, tablet PCs and
personal digital assistants (PDAs) are
common.The
note taker typically is under severe time
pressure, and different note-taking styles
and techniques try to make the best use
of time.Adaptive systems are used
for paper-and-pen insertions, such as
using the reverse side of the preceding
page in a spiral notebook to make
insertions.The
format of the initial record may often be
informal and/or unstructured.Historically, note-taking was an analog
process, written in notebooks, or other
paper methods like Post-It notes.However, the
human brain is thought to be multidimensional:
the more connections one
makes to current knowledge, the greater
the likelihood of understanding,
remembering and applying the
information.Outlining is less effective for classes that
involve many formulas and graphs, like
mathematics or chemistry.Or one can simply leave large
spaces in between items, to enable more
material to be inserted.The Ancient Greeks
History
developed hypomnema, personal records
on important subjects.Outlines tend to proceed down a page,
using headings and bullets to structure
information.Detail
B. Subtopic
1.