include  direct  costs  and  consequences,  both medical  and  nonmedical,  and  indirect  costs  and  consequences.  For example,  when  assessing  outcomes  from  a  patient  perspective,  a medication  copayment  would  be  a  direct  medication  cost,  whereas  gas money  to  pick  up  the  medication  from  the  pharmacy  would  represent  a nonmedical  direct  cost.  Lost  wages  from  missed  work  could  be  regarded as an indirect cost.