The assumption under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) that presumes the company's activities can be divided into specific time periods is the "Periodicity Assumption" or "Time Period Assumption." According to this assumption, the ongoing activities of a company can be divided into regular and consistent time periods, such as months, quarters, or years. This allows for the preparation of financial statements at regular intervals, providing timely and meaningful information to users of the financial statements.