1.2 Sea level rise The Nile Delta is located at a low point compared to sea level, making it vulnerable to inundation due to rising sea levels, which can cause salinization of agricultural lands and land degradation.Water shortages Increased temperatures and changing rainfall patterns can lead to fluctuations in the flow of the Nile River, negatively affecting the availability of water for agriculture.An increase in temperature may shorten crop growth periods, which means a decrease in agricultural yields.3.4.