A binary vector is a standard tool in the transformation of higher plants mediated by
Agrobacterium  tumefaciens.A  super-binary  vector  carries  additional virulence  genes  from  a  Ti  plasmid,  and  exhibits  very  high  frequency  of  transformation, which  is  valuable  for  recalcitrant  plants  such  as  cereals.It  is  composed  of  the  borders  of  T-DNA,  multiple  cloning sites,  replication  functions  for  Escherichia  coli  and  A.  tumefaciens,  selectable  marker genes,  reporter  genes,  and  other  accessory  elements  that  can  improve  the  efficiency  of and/or  give  further  capability  to  the  system.