The term 'biodiversity' a contraction of biological diversity was introduced in the mid-1980s by naturalists who were worried about the rapid destruction of natural environments such as tropical rainforests and demanded that society take measures to protect this heritage.One of the main factors responsible for speciation is allopatric 'the geographic isolation of populations that continue to evolve independently of one another'.This typological approach has established several categories of classification based on floral or faunal characteristics, on assemblages of species (phytosociology), or on landscape features (ecoregions, phenological structures, etc.).