The role of the state in maintaining economic stability: 
 The freedom of markets does not mean chaos in performance or the absence of the 
government’s role, as some people might think. Experts and those interested in a free market 
economy believe that the government should have a specific role in specific aspects, focused on 
maintaining the stability of the currency ( And curbing inflation), protecting competition, 
protecting consumers and preventing monopoly, laying down the basic rules and provisions for 
the market and maintaining their application, the arbitration system for settling disputes. Meaning that the government's role in a market economy is to work to improve market 
functions, and that its intervention must be in favor of the action of market forces (supply and 
demand) and prices. Nevertheless, many experts believe that excessive government intervention 
may result in stopping the transmission of information necessary for the functioning and activity 
of the market, and he believes that government interventions are dangerous, as they may lead to 
inflation, deflation, or a decline or slowdown of economic activity. He believes that the Great 
Depression results from government influences, and that is why it is responsible for the causes of 
this depression.
 The role of the state has evolved from direct intervention, to supervision, guidance and 
follow-up as a regulator and monitor of activity, with its role being limited to implementing 
infrastructure projects, creating a general climate, comprehensive review 
of legislation, laws, regulations and policies, institutional development and improvement of the 
business environment ... to reflect on economic performance (At the macro and sectoral level) 
and achieving development in a market economy, protecting competition and preventing 
monopolistic practices. 
 In this context, the Law on the Protection of Competition and the Prohibition of 
Monopolistic Practices in the Egyptian Economy was issued, which affirms that the practice of 
economic activity is in a manner that does not lead to preventing, restricting, or harming freedom 
of competition, as indicated in accordance with the provisions of the law, and the importance of 
this law increases. And the provisions it contains to protect competition and prevent monopolistic 
practices ... in light of the increasing local and global trends towards a market economy and the 
liberalization of global trade and the increasing role of the private sector.
 When we address the issue of the government's role in the market economy, protection of 
competition, prevention of monopolistic practices, and consumer protection ... the issue of 
protecting local products must be addressed. 
 Global economies are keen to take many measures and means to protect the local product 
and protect the industry from flooding the local market with goods and services, which may lead to the closure of many emerging industries, activities and establishments that have not yet reached 
the level of productive efficiency that enables them to compete. 
 The government's tendency to take measures to protect the local product and combat 
dumping, which would contribute to the randomness of the market, which is definitely not in the 
interest of production ... it must be accompanied by the endeavor to raise the level of productivity, 
and when it is possible to achieve higher productivity rates at the macro and sectoral level, this 
will help a lot. It is possible to reduce the measures to protect the domestic product, in the sense 
that protecting the local product takes place for a transitional period conditional on improving the 
real productivity of the national economy and labor productivity.