Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
• Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays
important roles in diverse cellular events such as cell survival,
proliferation, differentiation, and death.
• TNF Tumor necrosis factor is secreted by inflammatory cells, which
may be involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.
• Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine with pleiotropic
effects on various cell types.
• Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a secreted cytokine that
intricately controls many physiological and pathological processes