2.Sample size,Sampling method :The participants of the study were diabetic patients recruited
from the outpatient departments (OPD) of the Diabetic/Endocrinology Centers at Al-Mana
Hospital (Al-Khobar and Dammam, Al-Aziziah) in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia.Using the Raosoft calculator, the
minimum sample size was determined based on the total adult population in the Eastern Region
of approximately 4,900,000, considering the prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus of 17.7%
(International Diabetes Federation, 2022) and previous Saudi studies reporting knowledge of foot
care of 55.1% (Alkalash et al., 2024; Aljaouni et al., 2024).A
non-probability convenience sampling method was used, allowing the recruitment of readily
accessible participants from the OPDs of the selected hospitals.The tool was available in both English and Arabic and consisted of four parts:
Part I - Demographic Characteristics of Diabetic Adults: Includes age, gender, nationality, education
level, and occupation.2- Follow up in the hospital (OPD) in Al-mana Hospital (Al-Khobar &
Dammam, Alaziziah)
3- Patient with type 1&2 of DM.
4- Patient with diabetic foot or severe condition.Part II - Medical Profile of Diabetic Adults: Covers chronic illnesses, diabetes history, smoking habits,
current medications, and the presence of foot ulcers.Part III - Foot Care Knowledge: Assesses understanding of foot ulcers, circulation, sensory issues, and
the importance of foot examinations.Methods and Materials
2.1 Research Design
This study utilized a non-experimental descriptive, cross-sectional design.Population: adult diabetic patients , Both males and female,All races and ethnicities
?2.3 Data Collection Tools
The data collection tool was a validated questionnaire adopted from a previous study by Alkalash et al.
(2024).Inclusion/exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria
1- Adult patients Female & male 18 years old and above.Exclusion Criteria
1- Non-diabetic patients.Correct answers were scored as "1,
" while incorrect and "I don't know/Sometimes"
responses were scored as "0.2.2 Sample and Sampling Method
?With an alpha error of 0.05 and a
confidence level of 95%, the estimated sample size was 384.3- Pregnant woman, Gestational diabetes.Responses are "Yes,
" "No,
" or "I don't know.Responses are "Yes,
" "No,
" or "Sometimes.?