The accumulation of spilled petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil
at enormous levels is hazardous to human health and the
environment.Hydrocarbon contaminants cause
immediate or latent effects, such as genetic mutations,
immunotoxicity, teratogenicity, neurotoxicity, potent immune
toxicity, chromosomal damage, carcinogenesis, high
bioaccumulation potential, and deterioration of ecosystem
functioning and treatment of animal and plant life (Chaudhary
and Kim, 2019).PHC contain toxic components that pollute groundwater and
soil, alter the soil microbial community, and affect human health
and other living organisms (Chaudhary et al., 2021).