.Vocabulary development and implications for reading problems?William, a third grader in an urban school, has severe decoding dif culties similar to Jason's but also has limited vocabulary knowledge that affects his comprehension adversely, in listening as well as reading activities.Although Jason has an extensive oral vocabulary and excellent listening comprehension, his difficulties with decoding printed words have greatly impaired his reading comprehension in grade-appropriate text.Handbook of reading disability research, 208-218, 2010?Andrew Biemiller?