Dental caries is the most common clinical problem in dentistry, which is also considered to be the main factor in dental pain and tooth loss 18. It happens when there is an imbalance between the remineralization and demineralization of teeth 19. The most prevalent method of preventing the progress of dental caries is the application of remineralizing agents. These agents precipitate mineral crystals that are significantly more resistant to the progress of dental caries than the original mineral crystals. Many different types of remineralizing agents have been investigated and released onto the market, however, some of these agents had issues that limited their applications. Consequently, new materials are still needed to overcome these limitations 20,12.
Concerning the materials used in this study, Moringa oleifera was chosen as the intervening material for remineralization of enamel. It is very abundant in nutritious elements and has been used to treat a variety of diseases 168,169. It may be beneficial in providing the necessary natural components needed to remineralize an enamel surface. In this study, the extract from the Moringa oleifera leaves was prepared as it contains the highest levels of calcium and phosphate, which are necessary for the remineralization process