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Resistor color codes, standardized in IEC 60062, specify electrical component ratings, primarily for resistors. A typical four-band resistor uses color bands to represent significant figures (first two bands), a multiplier (third band), and tolerance (fourth band). For example, green-red-blue-gold translates to: green (5) and red (2) for significant figures, blue (1,000,000) as the multiplier (resulting in 52,000,000 Ω or 52 MΩ), and gold (±5%) for tolerance (49.4 MΩ - 54.6 MΩ). Variations exist; military-spec resistors might include a fifth band for reliability, while five-band resistors offer higher precision with a third significant figure band, shifting the multiplier band's position. Other bands can indicate temperature coefficient.

Resistor Color Code
An electronic color code is a code that is used to specify the ratings of certain
electrical components, such as the resistance in Ohms of a resistor.
Electronic color codes are also used to rate capacitors, inductors, diodes, and
other electronic components, but are most typically used for resistors. Only
resistors are addressed by this calculator.
How the color coding works:
The color coding for resistors is an international standard that is defined in
IEC 60062. The resistor color code shown in the table below involves various
colors that represent significant figures, multiplier, tolerance, reliability, and
temperature coefficient. Which of these the color refers to is dependent on the
position of the color band on the resistor. In a typical four-band resistor, there
is a spacing between the third and the fourth band to indicate how the resistor
should be read (from left to right, with the lone band after the spacing being
the right-most band). In the explanation below, a four-band resistor (the one
specifically shown below) will be used. Other possible resistor variations will
be described after.
Significant figure component:
In a typical four-band resistor, the
first and second bands represent
significant figures. For this
example, refer to the figure above
with a green, red, blue, and gold
band. Using the table provided below, the green band represents the number
5, and the red band is 2.
Multiplier:
The third, blue band, is the multiplier. Using the table, the multiplier is thus
1,000,000. This multiplier is multiplied by the significant figures determined
from the previous bands, in this case 52, resulting in a value of 52,000,000 Ω,
or 52 MΩ.
Tolerance:
The fourth band is not always present, but when it is, represents tolerance.
This is a percentage by which the resistor value can vary. The gold band in
this example indicates a tolerance of ±5%, which can be represented by the
letter J. This means that the value 52 MΩ can vary by up to 5% in either
direction, so the value of the resistor is 49.4 MΩ - 54.6 MΩ.
Reliability, temperature coefficient, and other variations:
Coded components have at least three bands: two significant figure bands
and a multiplier, but there are other possible variations. For example,
components that are made to military specifications are typically four-band
resistors that may have a fifth band that indicates the reliability of the resistor
in terms of failure rate percentage per 1000 hours of service. It is also
possible to have a 5th band that is the temperature coefficient, which indicates
the change in resistance of the component as a function of ambient
temperature in terms of ppm/K.
More commonly, there are five-band resistors that are more precise due to a
third significant figure band. This shifts the position of the multiplier and