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Chapter II: Genetic Material 1.a. Constituents of DNA This molecule consists of simple molecules such as phosphoric acid (PO4H3), 5- carbon monosaccharide's sugar (pentoses) and nitrogenous bases (purines or pyrimidines); ?In eukaryotes, DNA is essentially stored in the nucleus of cells, with a DNA fraction also present in mitochondria as well as, in plants, in chloroplasts.Deoxyribose (C5H10O4), or more exactly 2-deoxyribose, is a pentose (aldopentose) derived from ribose by substitution of hydrogen by hydroxyl group in the position 2.There are two main types of nucleic acid: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).1.1.

Chapter II: Genetic Material

1. Nucleic Acids
   Nucleic acid is a complex macromolecule found in cells (animal, plant and bacterial)
   and in viruses. There are two main types of nucleic acid: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and
   deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). They perform important functions ; DNA carries all the
   genetic information that determines an individual. RNA, on the other hand, is at the origin of
   the synthesis of the different proteins necessary for life.
   1.1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
   Is a biological macromolecule present in cells as well as in many viruses. DNA
   contains all the genetic information necessary for the development and functioning of living
   beings.
   In eukaryotes, DNA is essentially stored in the nucleus of cells, with a DNA fraction
   also present in mitochondria as well as, in plants, in chloroplasts. In prokaryotes, DNA is
   stored in the cytoplasm. In viruses that contain DNA, it is stored in the capsid.
   a. Constituents of DNA
   This molecule consists of simple molecules such as phosphoric acid (PO4H3), 5-
   carbon monosaccharide's sugar (pentoses) and nitrogenous bases (purines or pyrimidines);
    Deoxyribose (C5H10O4), or more exactly 2-deoxyribose, is a pentose (aldopentose)
   derived from ribose by substitution of hydrogen by hydroxyl group in the position 2.