لخّصلي

1.1 Background: Psychological symptoms, like most life phenomena, are a phenomenon of life that exists in various fields.The actions of nurses are very efficient in burnout control, and directors play an important role in preventing burnout by supporting and guiding the nurses in the correct way, providing suitable salaries, allowing nurses staff in participating in decision-making, and developing hospital communication (Arrigoni et al., 2015).Burnout is classified as a syndrome, which is characterized by low self-esteem, emotional exhaustion, and lack of empathy; the thing that may lead to a number of emotional, physical, and social troubles such as depression, medication mistakes, drug misuse, and job-related deficiencies as nurses choose to either investigate other places in nursing or quit the whole profession.These variables include sociodemographic; like gender, age, marital status, etc., employment-related such as seniority workplace, profession seniority, etc., and psychological condition presenting in stress, anxiety, depression (SAD), etc.The variables identification that affects the burnout condition development would participate in determining the risk profiles for the nursing profession (Geuens et al., 2017).Nurses are mainly troubled as they experience variable and unexpected work environments, long shifts, heavy workloads, facing traumatic actions, support deficiency, violence(Adriaenssens et al., 2015).Burnout mainly is associated with poor work performance, unsuitable contact with patients, overthrowing ethics, absence of a job, and a high number of occupation changes (Adriaenssens et al., 2015). Somatic manifestations, personality disorders, psychiatric syndrome, and chronic fatigue were also noticed (Al-Turki et al., 2010).Converting bad work environments into well and healthy workplaces, nurses believe that developments can be recognized in staffing and nurse retention, job satisfaction for nurses, all health care staff, and patient outcomes especially those associated with patient safety.Moreover, Nurses in negative emotional states have a higher risk of developing depression or anxiety that can lead to poor clinical dealing and medical errors, affecting patients' safety.

1.1 Background:
Psychological symptoms, like most life phenomena, are a phenomenon of life
that exists in various fields. Each one of us faces different types of pressures in school,
family, among friends, at work, in all aspects of life, and at all economic, social, and
cultural levels and education. The nursing profession has been known to exert high
levels of occupational stress that may cause burnout among nurses for this reason
burnout has been strongly related to stress. Moreover, Nurses in negative emotional
states have a higher risk of developing depression or anxiety that can lead to poor
clinical dealing and medical errors, affecting patients’ safety. Psychological problems
among nurses may also affect both therapeutic relationships and working relationships
between colleagues (Mudallal et al., 2017). Somatic manifestations, personality
disorders, psychiatric syndrome, and chronic fatigue were also noticed (Al-Turki et al.,
2010).
In the mid of 1950s, stress has been considered a professional hazard, where
four anxiety sources were identified in nurses’ employees; these include: change, taking
responsibility, decision-making, and patient care, which lead to disturbing the quality of
life then causing poor nurses' performance (Jennings, 2008).
Nurses' burnout is one of the most frequent problems found in hospitals and
other health care fields. The nurses who mainly work in Emergency department are at
risk for developing stress because of the nature of the demanding field and nurses' fastpaced (Crystal Hooper et al., 2010). Burnout is classified as a syndrome, which is
characterized by low self-esteem, emotional exhaustion, and lack of empathy; the thing that may lead to a number of emotional, physical, and social troubles such as
depression, medication mistakes, drug misuse, and job-related deficiencies as nurses
choose to either investigate other places in nursing or quit the whole profession. Nurses
are mainly troubled as they experience variable and unexpected work environments,
long shifts, heavy workloads, facing traumatic actions, support deficiency,
violence(Adriaenssens et al., 2015).
Burnout mainly is associated with poor work performance, unsuitable contact
with patients, overthrowing ethics, absence of a job, and a high number of occupation
changes (Adriaenssens et al., 2015). Even though the fact that considered the burnout
may affect employees of all professions, both the old-style approach and the huge
number of researches suggest that individuals whose professions include helping others
are especially susceptible (Wieclaw et al., 2006).
In general, the burnout condition was affected by diverse variables associated
with its presence. These variables include sociodemographic; like gender, age, marital
status, etc., employment-related such as seniority workplace, profession seniority, etc.,
and psychological condition presenting in stress, anxiety, depression (SAD), etc. The
variables identification that affects the burnout condition development would participate
in determining the risk profiles for the nursing profession (Geuens et al., 2017).
The professional burnout among ER nurses is around 13-27%, where this ratio is
notably greater than the overall population because of the intense nature of working
duties and stress high levels. Interestingly, the inadequate nurse’s number and the
subsequent high workload is considered the first source of exhaustion (Abellanoza et
al., 2018). The actions of nurses are very efficient in burnout control, and directors play
an important role in preventing burnout by supporting and guiding the nurses in the correct way, providing suitable salaries, allowing nurses staff in participating in
decision-making, and developing hospital communication (Arrigoni et al., 2015).
Burnout is a difficult health issue that is destructive to both individuals and
health systems. The request for special care services is rising simultaneously with
changing professional expectations among health care employees in general, and
growing disappointment among present hospital nursing staff. Converting bad work
environments into well and healthy workplaces, nurses believe that developments can
be recognized in staffing and nurse retention, job satisfaction for nurses, all health care
staff, and patient outcomes especially those associated with patient safety. Therefore,
special attention should be given to burnout studies, particularly among nursing careers
(McCauley & Irwin, 2006).