Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who's the fairest in the land?Published by Elsevier Inc.Published by Elsevier Inc.It knew the faces of all the Business Horizons (2019) 62, 15--25 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/bushor KEYWORDS Artificial intelligence; Big data; Internet of Things; Expert systems; Machine learning; Deep learning Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)---defined as a system's ability to correctly interpret external data, to learn from such data, and to use those learnings to achieve specific goals and tasks through flexible adaptation---is a topic in nearly every boardroom and at many dinner tables.On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence Andreas Kaplan a, , Michael Haenlein b a ESCP Europe, Heubnerweg 8-10, D-14059 Berlin, Germany b ESCP Europe, 79 Avenue de la Republique, F-75011 Paris, France 1.This can either be achieved by looking at AI through the lens of evolutionary stages (artificial narrow intelligence, artificial general intelligence, and artificial super intelligence) or by focusing on different types of AI systems (analytical AI, human-inspired AI, and humanized AI). Corresponding author https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.004 0007-6813/# 2018 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University.# 2018 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University...

Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in
the land? On the interpretations,
illustrations, and implications of artificial
intelligence
Andreas Kaplan a,
*, Michael Haenlein b
a ESCP Europe, Heubnerweg 8-10, D-14059 Berlin, Germany
b ESCP Europe, 79 Avenue de la République, F-75011 Paris, France

1. Once upon a time, there was a
   magic mirror . . .
   Once upon a time, in a land far, far away,there lived
   an evil queen who had a magic mirror. This magic
   mirror knew everything. It knew the faces of all the
   Business Horizons (2019) 62, 15—25
   Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
   ScienceDirect
   www.elsevier.com/locate/bushor
   KEYWORDS
   Artificial intelligence;
   Big data;
   Internet of Things;
   Expert systems;
   Machine learning;
   Deep learning
   Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)–—defined as a system’s ability to correctly
   interpret external data, to learn from such data, and to use those learnings to
   achieve specific goals and tasks through flexible adaptation–—is a topic in nearly
   every boardroom and at many dinner tables. Yet, despite this prominence, AI is still
   a surprisingly fuzzy concept and a lot of questions surrounding it are still open. In
   this article, we analyze how AI is different from related concepts, such as the
   Internet of Things and big data, and suggest that AI is not one monolithic term but
   instead needs to be seen in a more nuanced way. This can either be achieved by
   looking at AI through the lens of evolutionary stages (artificial narrow intelligence,
   artificial general intelligence, and artificial super intelligence) or by focusing on
   different types of AI systems (analytical AI, human-inspired AI, and humanized AI).
   Based on this classification, we show the potential and risk of AI using a series of
   case studies regarding universities, corporations, and governments. Finally, we
   present a framework that helps organizations think about the internal and external
   implications of AI, which we label the Three C Model of Confidence, Change, and
   Control.

2018 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. Published by Elsevier Inc. All

rights reserved.

• Corresponding author
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.004
  0007-6813/# 2018 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.