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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that happens when the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord.MS can present in a variety of ways including:

clinically isolated syndrome (CIS): describes an episode of neurologic symptoms that are the first clinical sign of possible MS; relapsing remitting (RRMS): the most common form of MS characterized by intermittent attacks of symptoms (relapses), followed by a short or long period of no clinical attacks (remissions); secondary progressive (SPMS): after living with RRMS for a long period of time, relapses decrease and symptoms continue progressively without relapses or remissions; and
primary progressive (PPMS): starting from the initial symptoms, the disease gradually progresses and gets worse without any clear relapses or remissions.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that happens when the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord.

Symptoms of MS vary from person to person and depend on the location and severity of nerve fibre damage. These often include vision problems, tiredness, trouble walking and keeping balance, and numbness or weakness in the arms and legs. Symptoms can come and go or last for a long time.

The causes of MS are not known but a family history of the disease may increase the risk.

While there is no cure for MS, treatment can reduce symptoms, prevent further relapses and improve quality of life.

MS can present in a variety of ways including:

clinically isolated syndrome (CIS): describes an episode of neurologic symptoms that are the first clinical sign of possible MS;
relapsing remitting (RRMS): the most common form of MS characterized by intermittent attacks of symptoms (relapses), followed by a short or long period of no clinical attacks (remissions);
secondary progressive (SPMS): after living with RRMS for a long period of time, relapses decrease and symptoms continue progressively without relapses or remissions; and

primary progressive (PPMS): starting from the initial symptoms, the disease gradually progresses and gets worse without any clear relapses or remissions.

MS is not always easy to diagnose in its early stages. Typically, people who have been diagnosed with MS will have been through several diagnostic stages, which can be an unsettling and frightening experience.