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a.Cultural Anthropology focuses on the human culture with respect to social structure, language, law, politics, religion, and technology.- John Locke, Two Treaties of Government(1690) Active participation from the citizenry is necessary in order to prevent the government from committing abuses as they help balance the power and authority of government officials.Constitutional monarchy - the monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government and may serve purely as a ceremonial leader.f. Democracy - a government in which supreme power is conferred on the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected leaders under a free electoral system.For Eriksen (2001), anthropology studies the diversity and similarity of the way a person lives and makes connections as social and cultural being.Absolute monarchy - the monarch exercises absolute power and wield executive, legislative and judicial powers.Authoritarianism - the political actions and decisions of the ruler are not constrained while political rights and freedom of citizens are significantly limited.Totalitarianism - the government uses ideology to captivate the people's loyalty to the leader-dictator.1.2.1.2.- 2.

a. Anarchy is characterized by a state of disorder because of non-recognition of authority and laws. b. Monarchy is a government that has a single person who is generally considered the ruler by the title or birthright. 1. Absolute monarchy - the monarch exercises absolute power and wield executive, legislative and judicial powers. 2. Constitutional monarchy - the monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government and may serve purely as a ceremonial leader. c. Dictatorship-a type of government controlled by a single individual and wherein people have little or no individual freedom. 1. Authoritarianism - the political actions and decisions of the ruler are not constrained while political rights and freedom of citizens are significantly limited. 2. Totalitarianism - the government uses ideology to captivate the people's loyalty to the leader-dictator. d. Aristocracy - a government ruled by the best member of the community. e. Oligarchy-a government is ruled by a wealthy few. f. Democracy - a government in which supreme power is conferred on the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected leaders under a free electoral system. "All forms or system of legitimate government rested upon "the consent of the governed." - John Locke, Two Treaties of Government(1690) Active participation from the citizenry is necessary in order to prevent the government from committing abuses as they help balance the power and authority of government officials. CONCEPTS OF ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Anthropology Anthropology came from the Greek words anthropos which means 'human' and logos which refers to 'knowledge.' It is the branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his works, his body, his behavior and values, in time and space (Palispis, 2007). It includes man's physical, social and cultural development that describes and explains phenomenon of human life. For Eriksen (2001), anthropology studies the diversity and similarity of the way a person lives and makes connections as social and cultural being. Four Major Fields of Anthropology 1. Archaeology - examines past cultures through tangible remains. - 2. Cultural Anthropology focuses on the human culture with respect to social structure, language, law, politics, religion, and technology.