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Nomenclature is the system of rules which permits to give a proper name to each compound.Name

methane

ethane

propane

butane

pentane

hexane

C2-eth;

heptane

octane

C3-prop;

C4-but;

nonane

decane

C6-hex; etc.- IUPAC nomenclature'

The formation of a systematic name for an organic compound requires first selection and then naming of a parent structure.There are used:

Substitutive or replacement nomenclature

• Trivial nomenclature

The generation of unambiguous traditional names in accord with the historical development of the subject.3/9

How to name organic compounds using the IUPAC rules

Formation of the name of the organic compound the order similar to word-formation:

prefix + root + suffix + ending.Examples are acetic acid, benzene, acetone.

Nomenclature is the system of rules which permits to give a proper name to each compound.

There are used:

Substitutive or replacement nomenclature

• Trivial nomenclature

The generation of unambiguous traditional names in accord with the historical development of the subject. Examples are acetic acid, benzene, acetone.

• IUPAC nomenclature'

The formation of a systematic name for an organic compound requires first selection and then naming of a parent structure. This basic name may then be modified by prefixes and other parts: prefix + root + suffix + ending. For example, ethanoic acid, benzenol, propan-2-one.

3/9

How to name organic compounds using the IUPAC rules

Formation of the name of the organic compound the order similar to word-formation:

prefix + root + suffix + ending.

The order includes:

1. 
   

   determining the senior (older) functional group which is expressed in the endings;

   
   


2. 
   

   determining the parent chain (root). This is a carbon chain or cycle out of maximal number of carbon atoms. The root of the name reflects the number of carbons what you have in the parent chain.

   
   


3. 
   

   performing enumeration of parent chain. Older functional group must have the lowest number;

   
   

Number of Carbons

In order to name organic compounds you must memorize a few basic names. These names are names of alkanes.

Name

methane

ethane

propane

butane

pentane

hexane

C2-eth;

heptane

octane

C3-prop;

C4-but;

nonane

decane

C6-hex; etc.

10

C5-pent;

The root:

C1-meth;