لخّصلي

Summary of Ecosystems and Biotic Communities Several aspects were covered in this lecture: o Important terms that refer to certain interactions and dimensions.This can alter the species composition of the community and affect the balance of the ecosystem.The importance of the trophic niche includes the functional role of an organism in the food chain, as predation causes the death of prey, while parasitism affects the health of the host.Parasitism, on the other hand, affects the health and success of hosts, potentially reducing their numbers or altering their behavior, thus affecting interactions between other species.The trophic niche determines how species interact with each other and affects the stability of the ecosystem.Amnesia is an interaction where one organism negatively affects another without benefiting from it, and the harmful organism also benefits from its effect on the other organism.This is due to the abundance of plants and the scarcity of herbivores most of the time, which reduces the need for competition for resources, which leads to symbiosis (cooperation) and facilitation.o The importance of trophic niches and the environmental factors that determine species distribution.

Summary of Ecosystems and Biotic Communities Several aspects were covered in this lecture: • Important terms that refer to certain interactions and dimensions. • The importance of trophic niches and the environmental factors that determine species distribution. • Biotic interactions and their impact on the structure of the ecosystem. First: The most important terms in the lecture: Ecological niche: Determines the environmental conditions and resources in which species can survive. Parasitism affects the structure of the community. Competition: Competition can occur between species (interspecies) or within species (intraspecies). The importance of these interactions in the organization and stability of the ecosystem is highlighted. Second: This concept is related to biotic interactions through how these interactions, such as predation and competition, affect the distribution and numbers of species in the community. The trophic niche determines how species interact with each other and affects the stability of the ecosystem. The importance of the trophic niche includes the functional role of an organism in the food chain, as predation causes the death of prey, while parasitism affects the health of the host. Predation and parasitism affect how species interact with each other and determine the specific composition of the community. In addition, parasitism, soil erosion, and deforestation can lead to changes in the structure of an ecosystem, such as its position in the food chain and soil properties that affect an organism's presence. What's the difference between parasitism and amnesia? Amnesia is an interaction where one organism negatively affects another without benefiting from it, and the harmful organism also benefits from its effect on the other organism. In short, parasitism involves a direct benefit at the expense of the host, while amnesia involves a negative effect without benefit. This can alter the species composition of the community and affect the balance of the ecosystem. Parasitism, on the other hand, affects the health and success of hosts, potentially reducing their numbers or altering their behavior, thus affecting interactions between other species. It has been found that the proportion of herbivores exhibiting interspecific competition is much lower compared to carnivores. This is due to the abundance of plants and the scarcity of herbivores most of the time, which reduces the need for competition for resources, which leads to symbiosis (cooperation) and facilitation.