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Part 3 : Diversity of Antibody Classes and their function ;

Immunoglobulins are produced by activated B lymphocytes and form a critical component of adaptive immunity.This structural and functional diversity enables highly efficient and adaptable immune defense mechanisms.Human antibodies are divided into five classes with distinct roles: o IgM initiates primary immune responses and strongly activates complement.

Part 3 : Diversity of Antibody Classes and their function ;

Immunoglobulins are produced by activated B lymphocytes and form a critical component of adaptive immunity. Their vast diversity results from V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation, and class-switch recombination, allowing recognition of a wide spectrum of antigens.

Human antibodies are divided into five classes with distinct roles:
• IgM initiates primary immune responses and strongly activates complement.
• IgG predominates in circulation, providing long-term protection, opsonization, and placental transfer.
• IgA defends mucosal surfaces against respiratory and gastrointestinal pathogens.
• IgE mediates allergic reactions and antiparasitic immunity.
• IgD functions mainly as a B-cell receptor.

This structural and functional diversity enables highly efficient and adaptable immune defense mechanisms.