لخّصلي

The visual inspection was conducted with the test and control discs placed apart, not in direct contact with each other.Visual Accuracy Test To test visual accuracy in colour matching, the tests were conducted in a controlled environment at the Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics of the University of Genova, in complete darkness (<10 lx), with the sole illumination being provided by the selected illuminant.The amounts of light present at the study setting were measured using the Lux Meter App version 2.1.1 (Apple store, Marina Polyanskaya) installed on an iPhone (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA).The test was executed first with the control discs arranged following the Micerium chromatic scale (1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9) (incremental order), and then the test was repeated placing the specimens at random with the same assortment for each tester (2-5-8-9-4-7-3-6-1) (assorted arrangement).Italian dental students from fifth or sixth academic year, dentists, and dental technicians attending, working at, or collaborating with the Dental School of the University of Genova were asked to participate and were consecutively enrolled for the present research.The study was conducted by positioning the researcher in a composed seated position, orthogonally in front of the table, on which the tray containing the composite discs was placed.Although illuminance should be maintained within the range of 1000 to 2000 lx at the color-matching area, the present setting was chosen to facilitate the standardization of light intensity across the different hours of the day and along the different days during which the experimental phase took place.Data collection always took place under standard conditions with a distance of 30 cm between the illuminant and the tray supporting the samples The Smile Lite handheld light was chosen as the illuminant for the test, and it was secured with a mechanical arm above the tray to maintain a distance of 30 cm from the specimens.The Smile Lite emits a D55 light, with CRI = 89, whose intensity fluctuates depending on the residual battery charge.Before starting, all participants underwent Ishihara tests to exclude from the study anyone showing color blindness, according to ISO/TR 28642:2016 standard [26].Tester subjects were divided into PGS Group (Pre-Graduation Students), ECP Group (Early Career Professionals with less than 10 years of experience), and AP Group (Accomplished Professionals with 10 or more than 10 years of experience).They were seated one at a time, with the control discs positioned on the inclined tray, paying attention to keep the reference number unidentifiable.Then, the investigator placed one by one the test discs at the center of the tray in front of the participant tester, who was asked to match them with the corresponding control disc (Figure 2).The chosen settings featured white walls and furnishings in neutral tones.The tables where the observations were conducted were neutral in color.

The visual inspection was conducted with the test and control discs placed apart, not in direct contact with each other.Visual Accuracy Test To test visual accuracy in colour matching, the tests were conducted in a controlled environment at the Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics of the University of Genova, in complete darkness (