لخّصلي

The world today is in a state of dynamic change in all fields of life; including science, technology, and means of communication and production.Humanity is witnessing a global phenomenon called "globalization" that seeks an intellectual, cultural, social, economical and political unity. This movement poses a strong challenge, especially to the Arab people identity; targeting religion, values, ideals and virtues, by focusing on the cultural aspect, employing means of communication and media. The information networking via the Internet and technological progress in general, has turned the world into a small village; there are no longer any geographical, historical, political or cultural barriers. The world nowadays is subject to the same informational and media influences, bearing material and cultural values and principles that are incompatible with our values and principles as Arabs, and sometimes contradicting our religion. This dilemma calls for an urgent need to resist that cultural invasion to protect Arab cultural identity, and to pay more attention to education at its various levels and forms, as it is the impenetrable first line of defense against such invasion. Science is always the companion of the advancement, as no human society can proceed and develop unless it has science as its the main engine. Living in societies that seek advancement and progress in the era of globalization, with revolution in means of communications, technology and knowledge; we are faced with waves of challenges that must be confronted and dealt with. Hence the value of education, with all its institutions, appears to make an actual contribution in reducing the risks of those challenges emanating from the waves of globalization. The term globalization is one of the most significant and serious terms that rose on the world stage recently, as it has its supporters as well as its opponents. Several inquiries were raised around it, among which are the most important:

? Is globalization an extension of universality? ? Is globalization an advanced stage of global imperialism? ? Is globalization an openness call for achieving humankind's interests? ? Is globalization a new system that draws the whole world into a deep chasm that takes human lives? What is Globalization? perating internationally

GLOBALIZATION manufacturing across borders

The transmission of vand

A worldwide movement toward economic, financial, communications, and trade integration. It is a new terminology in the Arabic language, to mean global, international or universal, and associating it with the word village coined thecommonly used term global village, to express that the world is now a small village or one global village. The term globalization can be understood as aiming to design and impose a single lifestyle on all human beings, serving the powerful ones and increasing their control over the universe. It is a phenomenon that includes economy, trade, money, politics, culture, communications and media, aiming at standardizing human societies according to a specific civilized model. Globalization: It is a very general term, and opinions and trends about it widely vary, as it carries many positive and negative aspects all together. On the other hand, it can be defined as: the process by which barriers between peoples are abolished, where societies move from a state of disparities and discrimination to that of homogeneity and uniformity to constitute a global awareness and

standard values based on general humanitarian conventions. Globalization, as a term and content, has been associated with cosmology and diverse human systems, whether on earth or in space, as it has deprived peoples of their cultural self, and drowned them into global variables. Globalization increases the sense of alienation when it tends to unify the world system and integrate the whole humanity, claiming that it provides an opportunity for cultural convergence among peoples. The process of globalization is characterized by the acceptance of "universal standard time", the increased number of international companies and institutions, the ever-increasing forms of global communication, the development of international competitions, and, above all, accepting universal concepts of citizenship, equality, human rights and justiceAspects of globalisation

Environmental

Economic

Technological

Demographic

Aspects of globalisation, 00

Political

Cultural

Educational globalization: It is an attempt, by the strongest

cultures, to control and dominate over the cultures and curricula of the educational systems of the various peoples of the world, with the aim of eliminating all the differences that govern the types of behavior and values of those nations and peoples, and trying to forcibly integrate them all into a unified value and educational culture, with common global features and characteristics.The uncertainty phase began in the late sixties, during which cosmic awareness rose, landing on the moon occurred and material values deepened.Educational globalization can also be defined as the domination of stronger cultures over the cultures and curricula of other educational systems to remove the differences and peculiarities that govern behavior and values, which lead to the shaking of the value system.Globalization, as a phenomenon, is a multidimensional cultural construct, reflecting the necessary interdependence and connections of all fundamental aspects of culture: economy, politics, ideology, languages, education, and modes of communication, technology and people around the world.Universality is keen to preserve the cultural structure and uniqueness of every nation, and it maintains the cultural diversity of nations, peoples, and civilizations.Principles of Globalization

Non-nationalism: It means receding and eroding political

borders between countries, facing many of the globalization realities.Globalization in its new format is a form of control and domination.Globalization Concerns:

expansion in international trade;

af growing openness and the declining tendency of rigid nation

state boundaries;

free flow of financial services;

growth of the multinationals:

movement of labour,

environmental standards

Dinformation flows across nations

respect for intellectual property rights.The kick-start phase has begun from the seventies of the nineteenth century and continued until the mid twenties of the twentieth century, in which the trends of globalization of previous times and places emerged, and where the concepts of cosmology have appeared and the idea rapprochement between peoples was enshrined.Culture

Capitalism

Outsourcing

Brands

Monopoly Power

Exploitation

Growth

Poverty

Environment

Globalization, then, is a new term for an old phenomenon arising in a world that became the size of a small electronic village, which was interconnected with satellites, satellite communications, and international television channels.Elements of Globalization

Interconnected Financial Markets

Rapid Transportation and Communication

Multinational Corporations

GLOBALIZATION

Foreign Exchange Markets

Free Trade Artist

Spread of Fres Market Economies
II. The phases of globalization:

Globalization has gone through several phases, including:

1.- Breaking down barriers between nations, disintegrating the world, thus cancelling its specificities and localities, and transforming it into a melting space within which borders are dissolved.In order to reach possible answers for these questions, there should be a balance to place the frameworks and implications of globalization; as a product of current events and changes under way, which could be clear through the following axes:

I. The concept of globalization and its principles

"Alawlama" is an Arabic translation of the word "globalization", and its equivalent in French is "Modularization".Meanwhile, globalization is the negation of the other and the substitution of cultural penetration for intellectual diversity that contributes to the enrichment of human civilizations.Accountability

Terrorism

Integration of Economies

Equality/Inequality

Shrinking World

Communication

Recognition

Technology!There are four basic processes of globalization, which are, respectively:The competition between the great powers

Modernization

Manifestations of globalization

Technological innovation

The spread of production and exchange globalization

It is possible to differentiate between globalization and universality.So universality is contradicting globalization and against it, because it aims at universal communication between the cultures and civilizations of peoples.As for the economy, globalization is the universal open economies, as an expression of neoliberal ideologies and concepts that call for economy mainstreaming and free exchange as a reference model.The emergence phase also continued in Europe from the middle of the eighteenth century until the seventies of the nineteenth century, when the concepts of international relations and international agreements have evolved.The struggle for dominance phase which lasted from the mid- twentieth century until the late sixties, during which conflicts and intellectual wars between countries have boomed.Decentralization: It is allowing any state to act unilaterally without the intervention of the international community because of the intertwined and overlapping relations

between nations.The elements of globalization can be represented in the following:

Reshaping the world or molding it according to specific ideologies and models.The form of national societies has crystallized, and ideas about the individual, humanity and the world began to emerge and modern geography became active.The interaction at this stage became more advanced, as evidenced by the emergence of the term international relations, where the interaction was between states or between individuals through their countries.Universality is completely different from globalization; because it does not end the role of the state, and does not seek to belittle it, it also means openness to the other, and expresses its willingness to give and take.The danger of this principle appears in the scientific educational pedagogy that cannot be tuned and controlled.Freedom of capital: It means the free movement of capital, profits, goods and people, to some extent, across borders and the liberalization of the market to govern itself.Increasing the degree of diversity of goods and services exchanged between nations, and spreading information and technology that they provide as a strong product for weak consumers.Information and communication technology has developed rapidly and dramatically, causing an explosion of knowledge that gave rise to the power of time-bound information, and the mechanism of human endeavor.as universality means openness to the other with the preservation of ideological differences.Accordingly, the elements of globalization are represented in economy, politics and culture.The embryonic phase which started in Europe and continued from the beginning of the fifteenth century to the middle of the eighteenth century.The international system and global movements had more flow and interest in the idea of civil society increased, and this was supported by the global media system.The Internet

Globalisation

Trade versus Aid

Free Trade?2.3.4.5.