Chromatography is a crucial technique in biophysics, enabling the separation, identification, and purification of mixtures.Additionally, accessory pigments like carotenoids (yellow-orange light) and xanthophylls (yellow light) contribute to light absorption and energy transfer.Chlorophyll a absorbs red, blue, and violet wavelengths, reflecting blue-green light, while chlorophyll b primarily absorbs blue light, reflecting yellow-green light.