.1.When atherosclerosis causes the coronary arteries to become very 
narrow or when plaques rupture and send clots into the arteries of the heart, a 
person is said to have coronary artery disease (CAD 2015).Ischemic heart disease (IHD) 
is the most common type of heart diseases (Wilson & Douglas, 2015)., 
is a chronic condition that narrows arteries by building fat-filled bulges in the 
arterial walls that develops slowly overtime.Cardiovascular disease (CVD) 
cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic and 
congenital heart disease and venous thromboembolism.Plaques contain white cells, lipids, smooth muscle 
cells, and connective tissue in a poorly organized mass that lies just under the 
endothelial lining of the artery wall.The atherosclerotic thickenings occur as bulges, called 
plaques, in the arterial walls.(2020) ]
1.1.1.