Genetic Engineering
By about 1970, researchers had discovered the structure of DNA and had determined the central dogma that information flowed from DNA to RNA and from RNA to proteins.wright McGraw-Hill Education Sinclair Stammers/Science SourceMagnification: unavailable
Figure 1 The gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) was introduced into mosquito larvae so that researchers could verify that exogenous DNA was inserted.These genetically engineered organisms are used in various processes, such as studying the expression of a particular gene, investigating a variety of cellular processes, studying the development of a certain disease, and selecting traits that might be beneficial to humans.For example, researchers have inserted a gene for a bioluminescent protein called green fluorescent
protein (GFP) into various organisms.