Introduction to Computer

o Definition 1

Dr. Samia Noureddine

What is a Computer??Programming languages consist of a set of rules that allows string values to be
converted into various ways of generating machine code
?The description of a solution to a problem must be articulated using one of the
programming languages available.?Examples of programming languages include Pascal, BASIC, C, Delphi, Java, Python,
Matlab, and many more.It consists of:
o an Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) where math and logic operations are performed,
o a Control Unit (CU) which directs most operations by providing timing and control
signals,
o and Registers that provide short-term data storage and management capabilities
while the CPU processes information.Units
1 Byte (B) = 8 bits
1 Kilo Byte (KB) = 2^10 bytes = 1024 bytes
1 Mega Byte (MB) = 2^20 bytes = 1024 KB
1 Giga Byte (GB) = 2^30 bytes = 1024 MB
1 Tera Byte (TB) = 2^40 bytes = 1024 GB
Peta Byte, Exa Byte...o Read Only Memory (ROM)
o Permanent storage of programs, meaning that its content is fixed by the
manufacture during the fabrication process, and it can't be modified or
changed by users
o Holds the computer boot directions, it means that ROM contrains a small
program called BIOS, which execute the operating system like Windows.o Software Runs The Machine
o Tells the computer what to do
o Reason people purchase computers
23 Dr. Samia Noureddine

o It is the initial program in a computer
system, it is installed in hard disk,
o It allows for the management of hardware
and other software; acting as the interface
between hardware, application software, and
the user.Introduction to Computer

9

o Definition 2

Dr. Samia Noureddine

Today, computers have become indispensable, they play a vital role in
transforming how we communicate, learn, work, entertain, and
innovate in the modern world.o Example :

Introduction to Computer

1-Operating System
o The Software part

Dr. Samia Noureddine 24
Windows MacOS Linux

o These operating systems have
evolved over time, so there are
several versions of them.Communication: Connecting people globally, through email, social
media and messaging apps.?Software
???2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.2.3.4.7.???