In order to pursue a study of the character here indicated it is necessary to have recourse to much information derived from other sciences. An appeal must be made to the geologist and geomorphologist for many facts regarding the structure and formation of the surface of the earth ;from the metallurgist and the mining engineer must be obtained some knowledge of the value of minerals and fuels accessible to man;the general principles determining climate must be accepted from the meteorologist; while the botanist and the agricultural chemist must supply the necessary infotmation regarding plant life.