The incorporation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) has significantly impacted university teaching, particularly in nursing, necessitating the evaluation of the effectiveness of related educational strategies. The study focuses on analyzing how undergraduate and postgraduate nursing programs promote cultural competence and sensitivity.

The main objective is to review how nursing curricula are incorporating cultural competence through various methods, including: 

* **Development of cultural competence modules:** These modules are designed to equip future nurses with the knowledge and skills to address cultural diversity in patient care. 
* **Promoting cultural encounters:** This involves providing students with opportunities to engage with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds to foster understanding and sensitivity. 
* **Utilizing clinical cases and cultural immersion projects:** These hands-on experiences enhance the practical application of cultural competence in real-world scenarios. 
* **Integrating cultural knowledge:** The curriculum should incorporate the beliefs and values of different cultural groups, emphasizing social justice, cultural competence, and security. 

The study uses the Campinha-Bacote model of cultural competence, which highlights five key elements: cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skills, cultural encounter, and cultural desire. It emphasizes the importance of respecting differences and reinforcing similarities, while recognizing the need for continuous improvement and development of cultural competence as a dynamic process. 

The study concludes that there is a clear need for a shared national, European, and international curriculum in higher education focusing on cultural competence. This curriculum should address general, transversal, and specific competencies related to cultural sensitivity and diversity. University training in nursing should follow a human, scientific, and teamwork perspective, ensuring effective and meaningful care aligned with cultural values and contexts.