iPS cell generation with lentiviral transduction from PBMCs and BM stromal cells in SCD patients We generated iPS cell lines using PBMCs and BM stromal cells in SCD patients, as previously described.25,26 All human subject materials were collected under protocols approved by the Institutional Review Board of NHLBI (07-H-0113, 08-H-0156, and 03-H-0015).The iPS cells were evaluated by immunostaining (Nanog, Oct4, SSEA4, Tra1-60, and Tra1-81), alkaline phosphatase stain, karyotyping, and teratoma assay.