The authors'  aims to review and analyses Saudi Arabia's renewable energy R&D efforts and applications based on technical and economic feasibility, as well as lessons learned and extensive experience gathered over the last two decades, also outlines the country's policy on the future use of renewable energy sources as well as their effective commercialization.For example, Interaction between research centers and local industry for mass production of renewable systems; expansion of R&D efforts, demonstration, and field testing of renewable energy systems; education and training programs for the general public and users; and the establishment of a local credit system and other incentives to enable people to obtain access owning and operating renewable energy technologies.The authors conclude that the commercialization of renewable energy technologies in Saudi Arabia is very slow for a variety of reasons, including the higher cost of the systems (when compared to subsidized utility power), a lack of public awareness of the potential capability of renewable energy, and a lack of technical skills among users.As a result, effective measures must be adopted and implemented to promote the commercialization of knowledge and renewable energy technologies in the Kingdom.