Cereal grains are staple foods consumed all over the world, which mainly refer to wheat, rice, maize, barley, rye, oats, millets, and sorghum (Paul, Radhakrishnan, Anandakumar, Shanmugasundaram, & Anandharamakrishnan, 2020).This insect is unable to feed on the intact grains but causes considerable loss of flour weight, which is a significant economic problem (Shafique et al., 2006; Ali et al., 2009; Almasi and PoslonA?ec, 2014).(6)However, after harvesting, wheat is exposed to several agents during storage that may alter its quality and quantity and render it unsuitable for human consumption by the time it reaches the consumer.(2)
pest infestation has always been a knotty problem and thus comprises a serious threat to global food security.(3)
Every year million tons of nuts and cereals in warehouses are damaged due to warehouse pests attack.Tribolium castaneum Herbst 1797 (Coleoptera: Tenebrio dae), is a cosmopolitan and serious pest of cereal grains and their products.