Routine immunization is important to both individual and public health (Gilmour et al., Citation2011).One researcher noted that often the socio-cultural context relevant for health-seeking behavior is not considered during program implementation (Babirye et al., Citation2011).These vaccines include; polio, tuberculosis, whooping cough, diphtheria, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, measles, haemophilus, PCV (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), IPV (inactivated polio vaccine), and Rota (World Health Organization and United Nations International Children's Fund, Citation2018).It prevents illness, disability, and death from vaccine-preventable diseases including diphtheria, measles, whooping cough (pertussis), pneumonia, polio, rotavirus diarrhea, rubella, and tetanus (Dicko & World Health Organization, Citation2018).He/she should also receive one dose of the measles vaccine; three doses of the pentavalent vaccine (DPT-Hep B-Hi-b) to prevent diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, haemophilus influenza type b, and hepatitis B (Negussie et al., Citation2016).A child should also receive 3 (Three) doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) (Ninsiima, Citation2013) and one dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) which was included in the infant routine immunization (World Health Organization and United Nations International Children's Fund, Citation2018).According to Vonasek et al. (Citation2016), vaccine coverage rates remain well below the WHO goal of 90%, with 82% of the children receiving the measles vaccine and 78% completing the three-dose series of pentavalent vaccine in the Sub-Saharan African Countries including Uganda.For the above reason, this study sought to find out the socio-cultural factors associated with incomplete routine immunization of children aged 0-1 year old in Amach Sub-County in Lira District to ensure that parents support the full immunization of their children thus promoting more infant survival and improved health.Complete immunization of children less than 1 year of age remains one of the most cost-effective strategies to reduce child mortality and to help achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) (Ekouevi et al., Citation2018).It is also recommended that children receive the complete schedule of vaccinations before their first birthday and that the vaccinations be recorded on a vaccination card that is given to the parents or guardian Children in Uganda are immunized against 11 vaccine-preventable diseases routinely before they reach 1-year old.Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions with proven strategies which make it accessible to even the hardest to reach and vulnerable populations, as well as a proven tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases.A similar study further indicated that 19.9 million infants worldwide under 1 year of age did not receive the three recommended doses of Diphtheria, Tetanus, pertussis (DTP) in the year 2017 (Don, Citation2017).A child is considered fully vaccinated if he/she has received: a bacillus Callmete Guerrin (BCG) vaccination against Tuberculosis, at least three doses of polio vaccine.Immunization averts an estimated 2-3 million deaths each year (Muhammad et al., Citation2018).