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Surfactant Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that lower the surface tension at interfaces.They are used to produce aerosols, corrosion inhibition, and in ore refining.Surfactants are prepared industrially as they have various functions as detergents, emulsifiers, flocculating agent, foaming agents, adhesives, or wetting agents [1].Thus, surfactants help in spreading the dye evenly and hence used in textile industry.They have hydrophobic tail made up of hydrocarbons, which surrounds the dirt or soil by orienting at the surface, and a hydrophilic head surrounding water orienting toward the solution.If surfactant is hydrophilic and at the same time lipophilic (soluble in oils), then it acts as an emulsifying or foaming agent.Surfactants are of four types, which are non-ionic, cationic, anionic, or amphoteric based on their composition and polarity [2]On addition of surfactant, the surface tension decreases; hence, the spreading and wetting properties increase.Surfactants contain both hydrophilic (water loving) and hydrophobic (water hating) portion.They replace bulk molecules at interface, and hence, the free energy of the system decreases.

Surfactant
Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that lower the surface tension at interfaces. Interface can be of solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, or vapor-liquid. The term surfactant refers to as SURFace-ACTive AgeNT. They are the primary components of cleansing agents. They replace bulk molecules at interface, and hence, the free energy of the system decreases. Surfactants are prepared industrially as they have various functions as detergents, emulsifiers, flocculating agent, foaming agents, adhesives, or wetting agents [1]. They can be adsorbed at air-water interface. On addition of surfactant, the surface tension decreases; hence, the spreading and wetting properties increase. Thus, surfactants help in spreading the dye evenly and hence used in textile industry. Surfactants contain both hydrophilic (water loving) and hydrophobic (water hating) portion. They have hydrophobic tail made up of hydrocarbons, which surrounds the dirt or soil by orienting at the surface, and a hydrophilic head surrounding water orienting toward the solution. If surfactant is hydrophilic and at the same time lipophilic (soluble in oils), then it acts as an emulsifying or foaming agent. But if it is less hydrophilic and more lipophilic, then it act as demulsifier or defoaming agent. Surfactants can also be used as food additives, germicides, fungicides, or insecticides. They are used to produce aerosols, corrosion inhibition, and in ore refining. Surfactants are of four types, which are non-ionic, cationic, anionic, or amphoteric based on their composition and polarity [2]