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The data structures store the data according to the mathematical or logical model it is based on. The type of operations on a certain data structure makes it useful for specific tasks.Interrupts generated by the user applications for CPU
Calls handled by the customers in BPO
Trees
Implementing the hierarchical structures in computer systems like directory and file system
Implementing the navigation structure of a website
Code generation like Huffman's code
Decision making in gaming applications
Implementation of priority queues for priority based OS scheduling functions
Parsing of expressions and statements in programming language compilers
For storing data keys for DBMS for indexing
Spanning trees for routing decisions in computer and communications networks
Hash trees
path-finding algorithm to implement in AI, robotics and video games applications
Graphs
Representing networks and routes in communication, transportation and travel applications
Routes in GPS
Interconnections in social networks and other network based applications
Mapping applications
Ecommerce applications to present user preferences
Utility networks to identify the problems posed to municipal or local corporations
Resource utilization and availability in an organization
Document link map of a website to display connectivity between pages through hyperlinks
Robotic motion and neural networks
These are a few applications of data structures to make appropriate storage and management of data for specific applications.Stacks
Temporary storage structure for recursive operations
Auxiliary storage structure for nested operations, function calls, deferred/postponed functions
Manage function calls
Evaluation of arithmetic expressions in various programming languages
Conversion of infix expressions into postfix expressions
Checking syntax of expressions in a programming environment
Matching of parenthesis
String reversal
In all the problems solutions based on backtracking.Job scheduler operations of OS like a print buffer queue, keyboard buffer queue to store the keys pressed by users
Job scheduling, CPU scheduling, Disk Scheduling
Priority queues are used in file downloading operations in a browser
Data transfer between peripheral devices and CPU.Arrays
Storing list of data elements belonging to same data type
Auxiliary storage for other data structures
Storage of binary tree elements of fixed count
Storage of matrices
Linked List
Implementing stacks, queues, binary trees and graphs of predefined size.When a user uses the alt+tab key combination to browse through the opened application to select a desired application
Doubly linked list is used in the implementation of forward and backward buttons in a browser to move backwards and forward in the opened pages of a website.Polynomial implementation for mathematical operations
Circular linked list is used to implement OS or application functions that require round robin execution of tasks.Implement dynamic memory management functions of operating system.Circular linked list is used in a slide show where a user wants to go back to the first slide after last slide is displayed.Circular queue is used to maintain the playing sequence of multiple players in a game.Operating System functions
UNDO and REDO functions in an editor.Used in depth first search in graph and tree traversal.Queues
It is used in breadth search operation in graphs.Here is a brief discussion of different applications of data structures.