لخّصلي

Farmers manage and control many aspects of their business, while the weather, market changes, and the law are outside their control.This means that the full effect of such tools will be a long-term process involving both training and more studies on manure nutrient con-tent, soil nutrient storage and the impact of farm practices on the movement of nutrients in different Polish soils in the prevailing climate conditions 2.The advisors need to be focused not only on the short-term (operational) goals of their clients, but also on longer time perspectives including but not restricted to sustainable development goals.There are a number of external factors, e.g. availability of donor funds, agricultural policies, agricultural entities, and environmental re-quirements that affect the implementation of pro-environmental practices and significantly impact on a businessman's thinking processes.Agricultural advisory in-stitutions should be sensitive to all aspects of sus-tainable agriculture and offer guidance and support in all activities (training, individual visits, group communications, etc.).It needs to be stressed that sustainable agri-culture requires a broader view and a system-wide thinking approach, not only on the farmers' side but also on the part of advisory institutions and other entities cooperating in the rural economy and agri-business.Farm-ers may be primarily guided by concrete benefits in terms of higher yields and increased subsidies while agencies also need to be sensitive to, not least, the applicable regulations1.3.

Farmers manage and control many aspects of their business, while the weather, market changes, and the law are outside their control. They face increasing EU and national-wide regulations of their activities that may be helpful or restricting. The challenge of environmental sustainability adds existing aspects to be taken into consideration in terms of planning and day-to-day activities. There are a number of external factors, e.g. availability of donor funds, agricultural policies, agricultural entities, and environmental re-quirements that affect the implementation of pro-environmental practices and significantly impact on a businessman’s thinking processes. Such factors af-fect the implementation of sustainable development and determine to what degree sustainable agriculture objectives can be achieved. Based on the studies conducted and analyses un-dertaken, the following conclusions are drawn. 1. Project intervention using tools to calculate farm nutrient balances and risks for nitrogen leaching on individual fields were well received, although more training is needed for a full and comprehensive as-sessment of the systems being applied. In addition, some of the required input data may not be readily available to farmers or among agricultural advisory agencies. This means that the full effect of such tools will be a long-term process involving both training and more studies on manure nutrient con-tent, soil nutrient storage and the impact of farm practices on the movement of nutrients in different Polish soils in the prevailing climate conditions 2.The advisors need to be focused not only on the short-term (operational) goals of their clients, but also on longer time perspectives including but not restricted to sustainable development goals. They should be encouraged to offer activities and events in different ways and to different timescales, so that farmers may choose what they need. The concept of sustainable agriculture needs to be particularly em-phasised in such activities. Agricultural advisory in-stitutions should be sensitive to all aspects of sus-tainable agriculture and offer guidance and support in all activities (training, individual visits, group communications, etc.). 3. It is extremely important to emphasize to farmers that their management activities not only impact on soils on the farm and around nearby ditches, but al-so affect groundwater and surface water on a larger scale. It needs to be stressed that sustainable agri-culture requires a broader view and a system-wide thinking approach, not only on the farmers’ side but also on the part of advisory institutions and other entities cooperating in the rural economy and agri-business. There is a requirement for targets to be set on a coherent and common level among agencies and farmers to reduce losses, improve effectiveness and promote the recycling of nutrients alike. Farm-ers may be primarily guided by concrete benefits in terms of higher yields and increased subsidies while agencies also need to be sensitive to, not least, the applicable regulations