لخّصلي

The judiciary functions as a governmental body that offers a public service by upholding the constitutional right of individuals to seek legal redress.Despite these contrasts, arbitration and judicial systems share a core purpose: to resolve disputes through decisions that are legally enforceable.Typically, they waive court fees for litigants, while the state assumes the financial burden--covering judicial expenses through public funding, including the salaries of judges as public officials.While this ideal has been fully realized historically within Islamic legal traditions, most modern legal systems interpret it more narrowly.This contrast brings into focus the key differences between judicial proceedings and arbitration.

The judiciary functions as a governmental body that offers a public service by upholding the constitutional right of individuals to seek legal redress. From this right emerges the concept of free justice, which implies that people should not have to pay to access the court system. While this ideal has been fully realized historically within Islamic legal traditions, most modern legal systems interpret it more narrowly. Typically, they waive court fees for litigants, while the state assumes the financial burden—covering judicial expenses through public funding, including the salaries of judges as public officials.

This contrast brings into focus the key differences between judicial proceedings and arbitration. Courts have broad and ongoing authority to hear any type of dispute involving any party. Arbitration, however, is limited in both scope and duration, applying only to particular disputes between parties engaged in private legal relationships. Furthermore, the judiciary represents a public model of justice, offered without direct cost to the parties, whereas arbitration reflects a private model of justice, where the parties themselves usually bear the cost.

Despite these contrasts, arbitration and judicial systems share a core purpose: to resolve disputes through decisions that are legally enforceable. Much like a judge, an arbitrator issues rulings that take legal effect immediately upon being delivered.