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Figure 4: Shows Drip system (DWC).
Ebb and flow systems: Ebb and flow system (Figure 5) is
another inexpensive type of hydroponic setup. The setup is very
similar to the drip system, where there are two containers, the
one on top containing the plants in pots with substrate, and
the one on the bottom containing the nutrient solution. Rather
than the nutrient solution being passed slowly to drippers at the
stem of each plant, the nutrients are pumped in large volumes
into the top container, flooding the container. An overflow pipe
determines the height of the nutrients, typically to where the
roots begin at the base of the stem, with excess liquid being
recirculated through the overflow pipe back to the bottom
container. With ebb and flow system, the pump is switched on
and off intermittently (perhaps 30 mins on, 15 mins off), to flood
the grow tray periodically. When the pump is switched off, all of
the nutrients are siphoned out of the grow tray via the pump line.
The emptying period allows for oxygen to reach the roots, and
for this reason an air stone is not absolutely required for ebb and
flow systems. As with drip systems, almost any plant will grow
well with this type of system. Plants with large root balls are also
particularly suited to off and flow systems.
Figure 5: Shows the Ebb and flow (Flood and Drain) system.
Aeroponic systems
The aeroponics system is belong to closed soilless culture
system (Figure 6) is probably the most high-tech type of
hydroponics system [8]. In this system sealed root chambers
used as reservoir for nutrient solution and the plants above
the reservoir cover (polystyrene or other material) must be
supported or hanged through holes in the expanded cover, hence
the roots hang in the air under the reservoir cover and are misted
with nutrient solution found in the reservoir by stressful pump
to cover all area around the root with nutrient solution mist. The
misting is usually done every few minutes around the hanged
roots. Because the roots are exposed to the air, the roots will dry
out rapidly if the misting cycles are interrupted. A timer controls
the nutrient pump much like other types of hydroponic systems,
except the aeroponics system needs a short cycle timer that runs
the pump for a few seconds every couple of minutes. However,
the chamber must be lightless materials from everywhere, so
that the roots are in darkness functionally good also to inhibit
algal growth that impedes the growing plants and pollute the
system.
Figure 6: Clear aeroponics misting system with modification.
In this system, nutrient solution sprayed as a fine mist in
sealed root chambers. The plants are grown in holes in panels
of expanded polystyrene or other material. The plant roots
suspended in midair beneath the panel and enclosed in a
spraying box. The box sealed so that the roots are in darkness
(to inhibit algal growth) and in saturation humidity. A misting
system sprays the nutrient solution over the roots periodically.
The system normally turned on for only a few seconds every 2-3
minutes. This is sufficient to keep roots moist and the nutrient
solution aerated.
There are three sorts of aeroponics frameworks. The first
framework is high pressure aeroponics frameworks don’t
generally utilize a water pump because of the various cycle
(on/off) times required. They as a rule comprise of a two sided
tank with an elastic divider. The supplement arrangement is in
one side and air in the other. At that point an air compressor is
utilized to pressurize the tank. A water line from the supplement
arrangement side races to the clouding heads, and a solenoid
is utilized to open and close a valve in the water line at exact
times utilizing a cycle clock. The genuine aeroponics framework
utilizes high pressure (60-90 psi). The second framework is low
pressure aeroponics frameworks (soakaponics) are what the
vast majority are alluding to when they say aeroponics. Low
pressure frameworks utilize standard submersible water pumps,
yet at the same time require a decent measure of water weight
or the water will simply stream out of the sprinkler/mister
heads. The more sprinkler heads you’re utilizing, the more water
pressure you will require. Sadly submersible pumps don’t give a
psi rating to look at. They just give you gallons every