لخّصلي

Sociolects are language varieties linked to speakers' social backgrounds, differing from regional dialects (which are geographically based) in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. While accent focuses solely on pronunciation differences, dialect encompasses all three. Sociolects often emerge from social, rather than geographical, distance. A region's perceived lack of development can lead its dialect to be stigmatized and viewed as a sociolect, particularly if speakers migrate to more affluent areas.

SOCIAL DIALECTS Some particular region . language varieties are associated with people who live in a Other varieties are associated with speakers social background . These varieties are Like regional dia- who have a particular grouped together under the term sociolect . The term lects , sociolects are identified by differences ( which diverge mar and pronunciation . from the hypothetical standard ) with respect to vocabulary , gram- pronunciation accent is used to refer to differences only , while the term dialect refers tion ( cf. Trudgill 1974 : to differences with respect to vocabulary , grammar and pronuncia- The very subtle 17 ) . - difference between a regional dialect and a sociolect can be ( cf. Fishman 1972 : 16 17 ) . shows little If a particular area economic or cultural development , the speakers of kers . this area will be regarded as " less sophisticated " by other spea- The stigmatised group's regional dialect will now acquire connotations and it will be regarded than as a regional dialect social rather move - as a sociolect particularly if speakers from the " poor " area to the city or a better area in search of work . Whereas regional of geographical dialects arise to a certain extent as a result distance , sociolects arise ( partly ) as a result grounds : of the social distance between people with different social back- " and social distance may have the same sort of effect as