لخّصلي

The dental drill is a tool used by dentists to bore through tooth enamel as well as to clean and remove plaque from the tooth's surface.Tooth decay, which damages the enamel, is caused by various oral bacteria.This allows still other types of bacteria to enter these holes and crevice and erode the softer tissue below.Untreated, cavities can result in diseases such as dental caries and abscesses.With the plaque gone from the teeth, the enamel- damaging bacteria have nowhere to reside and cannot cause cavities.One of these was the 1778 introduction of a near-mechanical drill, which was powered by a hand crank that activated a rotating gear.These drills were over 100 times faster than their predecessors and significantly reduced the pain associated with tooth drilling.Although individual drills can vary in design, they all include a motor, hand piece, couplings, and a drill bit, or bur.It is composed primarily of a hand piece, an air turbine, and a tungsten carbide drill bit.The soft tissue inner layer, called the dentin, is similar in composition to skeletal bones.Enamel, the outer layer of teeth, is highly calcified and harder than bone and cannot be regenerated by the body.Other bacteria attach themselves to this plaque and begin secreting an acid which causes small holes to form in the tooth enamel.Beyond the initial holes, the outer enamel is left primarily intact.To prevent these diseases, dentists use a dental drill or other tools to remove the plaque from a cavity.109

The earliest examples of dental drills were developed by the Mayans over 1,000 years ago.The Mayans used this tool primarily in conjunction with a religious ritual for putting jewels in the teeth.In the mid-1600s, doctors discovered that temporary relief from dental diseases could be achieved by filling the natural holes in teeth with various substances.Drill technology steadily improved over time, resulting in faster and more efficient drills.Electrically powered drills soon followed, and the time it took to prepare a cavity was decreased from hours to less than 10 minutes.The modern dental drill has enabled dentists to work more quickly and accurately than ever before, with less pain for the patient.

The dental drill is a tool used by dentists to bore through tooth enamel as well as to clean and remove plaque from the tooth's surface. It is composed primarily of a hand piece, an air turbine, and a tungsten carbide drill bit. Since its development began in the mid-1700s, the dental drill has revolutionized the field of dentistry. The modern dental drill has enabled dentists to work more quickly and accurately than ever before, with less pain for the patient. The teeth are composed of both living and nonliving tissue. The soft tissue inner layer, called the dentin, is similar in composition to skeletal bones. Enamel, the outer layer of teeth, is highly calcified and harder than bone and cannot be regenerated by the body. Tooth decay, which damages the enamel, is caused by various oral bacteria. One type of bacteria that resides in the mouth breaks down residual food particles that remain on teeth after eating. A byproduct of this bacteria's metabolism is plaque. Other bacteria attach themselves to this plaque and begin secreting an acid which causes small holes to form in the tooth enamel. This allows still other types of bacteria to enter these holes and crevice and erode the softer tissue below. The process weakens the tooth by creating a cavity. The breakdown of the soft tissue is responsible for the pain that is typically associated with cavities. Beyond the initial holes, the outer enamel is left primarily intact. Untreated, cavities can result in diseases such as dental caries and abscesses.
To prevent these diseases, dentists use a dental drill or other tools to remove the plaque from a cavity. As the tooth is drilled, the tiny diamond chips that cover its tip wear away the plaque and damaged enamel. Only by drilling into a tooth can dentists ensure that all of the plaque is removed. With the plaque gone from the teeth, the enamel- damaging bacteria have nowhere to reside and cannot cause cavities. After the drilling is complete, the hole that is left is filled with a suitable material which strengthens the tooth and helps prevent further damage.
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The earliest examples of dental drills were developed by the Mayans over 1,000 years ago. They used a stone tool made of jade اليشم, which was shaped as a long tube and sharpened on the end. The Mayans used this tool primarily in conjunction with a religious ritual for putting jewels in the teeth. Though this technology was ahead of its time, it was not known throughout the rest of the world. The early Greek and Roman civilizations also developed versions of a dental drill. In the mid-1600s, doctors discovered that temporary relief from dental diseases could be achieved by filling the natural holes in teeth with various substances. These early dentists even used a chisel to chip away bits of the damaged enamel. However, it was not until Pierre Fauchard came on the scene that dental drill technology was rediscovered. Fauchard is said by some to be the father of modern dentistry. He first mentions the use of a bow drill on teeth for root canals in a book published in 1746. This device consisted of a long metal rod with a handle and a bow that was used to power it.
During this time, many innovations were developed. One of these was the 1778 introduction of a near-mechanical drill, which was powered by a hand crank that activated a rotating gear. Soon afterward, an inventor added a spinning (rotating) wheel to power the drill head. The motion in this device was created by the dentist pushing a foot pedal to move a spinning wheel, which in turn moved the drill head.
Drill technology steadily improved over time, resulting in faster and more efficient drills. New types of foot-powered engines were attached to dental drills by 1870. Electrically powered drills soon followed, and the time it took to prepare a cavity was decreased from hours to less than 10 minutes. High speed drills were developed in 1911, but it was not until 1953 that the modern dental drill with its air turbine engine was introduced. These drills were over 100 times faster than their predecessors and significantly reduced the pain associated with tooth drilling. Although individual drills can vary in design, they all include a motor, hand piece, couplings, and a drill bit, or bur. The high-speed drilling is activated by an air turbine.