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Aims are broad statements describing intended learner changes after completing a language program (Brown, 1995). They stem from needs analysis and reflect the program's philosophy. Unlike more specific objectives, aims define overall program purposes. Effective aim statements focus on learner outcomes, not activities. For instance, "Students will learn how to listen effectively in conversational interactions" is superior to "Students will study listening skills," as it highlights the desired result.

Definition of Aims:

An "aim" refers to a broad statement about the general changes a program intends to achieve in learners.

According to Brown (1995), aims or goals describe what students should be able to do after completing the program.

These aims are derived from a needs analysis and reflect the language program's ideology.

Difference Between Aims and Objectives:

Aims (or goals) refer to broad purposes of a program.

Objectives are more specific and detailed descriptions of purposes.

Developing Aim Statements:

Aims should describe the outcomes or changes in learners, not just the activities they will do.

Poorly phrased examples focus on activities, such as:

"Students will study listening skills."

Better phrased aims focus on the intended results, such as:

"Students will learn how to listen effectively in conversational interactions."