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Slide 3 - What is Semantics?Slide 4 - Sentence, Utterance, Proposition Activity 2 - Classify the examples Label each as Sentence (S), Utterance (U), or Proposition (P): 1.Activity 1 - Sentence meaning vs. Speaker meaning Decide if the following are Sentence meaning (SM) or Speaker meaning (SPM): 1."The capital of the UK" / "London" Slide 6 - Ambiguity Activity 5 - Lexical ambiguity Each word below has at least two meanings."I'll be back later.""It's raining outside."(just stating a fact about the weather)."I love exams."(said sarcastically by a student).(written in a storybook).(said by a mother to her child, meaning 'wait at home').2."Can you pass the salt?"(used at the dinner table to make a request).3.4.The cat is sleeping.2."The morning star" / "The evening star" 2.

Slide 3 – What is Semantics?
Activity 1 – Sentence meaning vs. Speaker meaning
Decide if the following are Sentence meaning (SM) or Speaker meaning (SPM):

1. “I’ll be back later.” (said by a mother to her child, meaning ‘wait at home’).


2. “Can you pass the salt?” (used at the dinner table to make a request).


3. “It’s raining outside.” (just stating a fact about the weather).


4. “I love exams.” (said sarcastically by a student).
   Slide 4 – Sentence, Utterance, Proposition
   Activity 2 – Classify the examples
   Label each as Sentence (S), Utterance (U), or Proposition (P):


5. The cat is sleeping. (written in a storybook).


6. Ahmed says “The cat is sleeping” right now.


7. The meaning that ‘a cat is in a sleeping state’.


8. Close the door! (spoken by a teacher in class).


9. It is a sunny day. (in a grammar exercise).
   Slide 5 – Sense and Reference
   Activity 3 – Match the pairs
   Match the expressions with their references:
   Expression (Sense) Reference (Real World)
   a) The capital of Egypt 1. Cairo
   b) The current U.S. President 2. Joe Biden
   c) The teacher of this class 3. Dr. Abdulrahman
   Activity 4 – Same Reference, Different Sense
   Explain how these pairs have the same reference but different senses:


10. “The morning star” / “The evening star”


11. “Your teacher” / “My uncle”


12. “The capital of the UK” / “London”
    Slide 6 – Ambiguity
    Activity 5 – Lexical ambiguity
    Each word below has at least two meanings. Write both:


13. Bat → __________ / __________


14. Match → __________ / __________


15. Pen → __________ / __________
    Activity 6 – Structural ambiguity
    Each sentence can be read in two ways. Write both interpretations:


16. She saw the boy with the telescope.


17. Flying planes can be dangerous.


18. Old men and women were waiting