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The Main Periods of the 18th and 19th Centuries

1_The English Neo-Classical Period (18th Century)

Introduction: Neo-classicism dominated English literature from the Restoration in 1660 until the end of the 18th century,where the Lyrical Ballads (1798) by Wordsworth and Coleridge was published to indicate emergence of Romanticism.The Neoclassic period can be divided into three parts: The Restoration Age The Augustan Age The Age of Johnson

1.The Restoration Age (1660-1700)

In which Milton, Bunyan, and John Dryden were the dominant influences.In Restoration England, Dryden's great Essay of Dramatic Poesie (1668) presented the opposing claims of the "ancients" and the "moderns" and discussed tragicomedy, rhyme, and the unities. In his many prefaces Dryden defined such genres as satire, epic, and fable (a short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral). 2.The Augustan Age (1700-1750)

In which Alexander Pope was the central critic and poetic figure, while Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, and Smollett were dominant over the novel.Pope's "Essay on Criticism" (1711) is a critical statement of neoclassical principles.The English Neoclassical movement derived from the classical and contemporary French models.It included some ideas about art and literature.

The Main Periods of the 18th and 19th Centuries

1_The English Neo-Classical Period (18th Century)

Introduction：
Neo-classicism dominated English literature from the Restoration in 1660 until the end of the 18th century，where the Lyrical Ballads (1798) by Wordsworth and Coleridge was published to indicate emergence of Romanticism. The English Neoclassical movement derived from the classical and contemporary French models.

The Neoclassic period can be divided into three parts:
The Restoration Age
The Augustan Age
The Age of Johnson

1.The Restoration Age (1660-1700)

In which Milton, Bunyan, and John Dryden were the dominant influences.In Restoration England, Dryden's great Essay of Dramatic Poesie (1668) presented the opposing claims of the "ancients" and the "moderns" and discussed tragicomedy, rhyme, and the unities.
In his many prefaces Dryden defined such genres as satire, epic, and fable (a short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral).

2.The Augustan Age (1700-1750)

In which Alexander Pope was the central critic and poetic figure, while Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, and Smollett were dominant over the novel.Pope's "Essay on Criticism" (1711) is a critical statement of neoclassical principles. It included some ideas about art and literature. It propagated for (spread) order, logic, restraint, accuracy, "correctness," decorum (propriety- properness), and so on. These would help practitioners of various arts to imitate or reproduce the structures and themes of Greek or Roman originals.

3.The Age of Johnson (1750-1798)

It was dominated and characterized by Dr. Samuel Johnson.Three figures dominated neoclassical criticism of the 18th century England- Pope, Addison, and Dr. Johnson.Pope, in his Essay on Criticism (1711) laid down neoclassical principles.Addison, in various papers published in the Spectator (1711-1712), discussed particular works and genres, technical concepts, and the function of the imagination.
Dr. Johnson, at a time when neoclassical principles were beginning to come under attack, was their strong defender in his essay, prefaces to Shakespeare, and Lives of the Poets (1779-1781).