Lakhasly

Nitrogen is an important element for plant growth and development; therefore, it largely determines agricultural productivity [1].Due to their ability to fix nitrogen cyanobacteria provide an eco-friendly method for reducing dependency on external sources such as eutrophi- cation, soil degradation and greenhouse gas emissions.Cyanobacteria (including genetically engineered strains) that can transfer fixed nitro- gen to host plants, and thereby reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizers, increase plant stress tolerance and productivity [7], Fedeson and [8].The environ- mental problems, including eutrophication, soil quality destruction, and greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the depletion of nitrogen resources caused by the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers [6].Sustainable agriculture requires transformative changes, and integrating of cyanobacteria-based plant biotechnology appears to be a promising solution [2,3].

Nitrogen is an important element for plant growth and development;
therefore, it largely determines agricultural productivity [1]. The con-
ventional nitrogen fertilization strategies relymainly on synthetic
chemicals and therefore have raised concerns over their impact on
environmental sustainability, soil health and humans. Sustainable
agriculture requires transformative changes, and integrating of
cyanobacteria-based plant biotechnology appears to be a promising
solution [2,3]. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are photosynthetic
unicellular microorganisms that can fix atmospheric nitrogen into
bioavailable forms [4]. Exploiting the mutualistic interactions between
cyanobacteria and plants has great potential to replace traditional ni-
trogen fertilization [5]. This review paper discusses the concept of an
environmentally friendly cyanobacteria-powered plant biotechnology
for nitrogen saving and better metabolite production. The environ-
mental problems, including eutrophication, soil quality destruction, and
greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the depletion of nitrogen
resources caused by the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers [6]. Due to
their ability to fix nitrogen cyanobacteria provide an eco-friendly
method for reducing dependency on external sources such as eutrophi-
cation, soil degradation and greenhouse gas emissions. Cyanobacteria
(including genetically engineered strains) that can transfer fixed nitro-
gen to host plants, and thereby reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizers,
increase plant stress tolerance and productivity [7], Fedeson and [8].
Moreover, cyanobacteria exhibit a high level of metabolic versatility for
the synthesis of various bioactive compounds that could find application
in pharmaceuticals, agriculture or industry [9]. The metabolic capacities
of cyanobacterial can be used in plant biotechnology to bring new
possibilities for the bio-synthesis of valuable natural products that are in