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VALUES, ETHICS AND ADVOCACY

VALUES

Values: are freely chosen, enduring beliefs or attitudes about the worth of a person, object, idea, or action.* Values consist of beliefs and attitudes, which are related, but no identical, to values.Beliefs are interpretations or conclusions that people accept as true.A values set: is the small group of values hold by an individual.Beliefs do not necessarily involve values.

VALUES, ETHICS AND ADVOCACY

VALUES

Values: are freely chosen, enduring beliefs or attitudes about the worth of a person, object, idea, or action.

A values set: is the small group of values hold by an individual.

• Values consist of beliefs and attitudes, which are related, but no identical, to values.

Beliefs are interpretations or conclusions that people accept as true.

Beliefs do not necessarily involve values.

For example, the statement "I believe if I study hard I will get a good grade"

• Attitudes are mental positions or feelings toward a person, object, or idea (e.g., acceptance, compassion, openness

Values Transmission

Values are learned through observation and experiences.

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  Personal Values: although people derive values from society and their individual subgroups, they internalize some or all of these values and perceive.

  
  


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  Professional values: Nurses professional values are acquired during socialization into nursing form code of ethics, nursing experiences, teachers, and peers.
  In comparison, the American Association of colleges nursing (AACN, 1998) identified five values essential for the professional nurse:

  
  

➤ Altruism.

Autonomy

➤ Human dignity.

➤ Integrity.

➤ Social justice.

Values Clarification: is a process by which people identify, examine, and develop their own individual values.

MORALITY AND ETHICS

The term ethics has several meanings in common use. It refers to:

• A method of inquiry that helps people to understand the morality of human behavior (i.e. it is the study of morality).

➤ The practices or beliefs of a certain group (e.g., medical ethics, nursing ethics).

➤ The expected standards of moral behavior of a particular group.

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  Nursing ethics: refers to ethical issues that occur in nursing practice.

  
  


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  Morality (or morals): is similar to ethics and many uses the terms interchange ably.

  
  

NURSING CODEOF ETHICS:

A code of ethics: is a formed statement of a group's ideals and values.

International, national, and state nursing associations have established codes of ethics.

The international council of nodes of the first a adopted a code of ethics in 1953.

➤ The (ANA) first adopted a code for nurses in 1950.

➤ The Canadian nurses association (CAN) adopted a code of ethics in 1980.

• Nursing codes of ethics have the following purpose:

➤ In form the public about minimum standards of the profession and help them understand professional nursing conduct.

Provide a sign of the professions commitment to the public it serves.

➤ Out line the major ethical considerations of the profession.

➤ Provide ethical standard for professional behavior.

➤ Guide the profession in self-regulation.

ADVOCACY

Advocate is an advocate for clients' rights. The health care system is complex and many clients are too ill to deal with it.

The Advocate's Role: An advocate support clients in their decisions, giving them full or at least mutual

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