Lakhasly

Online English Summarizer tool, free and accurate!

Summarize result (30%)

Partial cavitation occurs in numerous industrial and naval applications. Cavitation on lifting surfaces or in cryogenic rocket motors can damage equipment, and in general be detrimental to the system performance. Much work has gone into understanding the basic physical processes involved [2, 3, 4, 8]. If a partially cavitating condition is likely to occur, it would be of use to be able to control it. Kawanami et al. [6] used obstacles to prevent a re-entrant from moving upstream and they were successful in preventing the generation of cloud cavitation. However, recently Ganesh et al. [5] discovered that under certain conditions a condensation shock can be the dominant mechanism instead of a re-entrant jet, and under these conditions an obstacle placed on the surface is not sufficient to prevent cloud shedding from partial cavities. To investigate the nature of cloud shedding in conditions where a condensation shock occurs, we investigated the effect of non-condensable gas injection both from the apex and into the mid cavity.

Experiments were carried out at the University of Michigan 9-Inch Water Tunnel. We utilized the X-ray densitometry system described by Mäkiharju et al. [7] to measure the time resolved 2D void fraction distribution without flow perturbations. To reduce the baseline attenuation, the water tunnel’s test section was further contracted to have a (76mm)2 cross-section. The wedge geometry and gas injection locations are shown in figure 1. In addition to the 1 kHz void fraction measurements, the unsteady pressure was measured using surface mounted transducers sampled at 500 kHz. The transducers were located at 32 and 50 mm downstream of the apex.


Original text

Partial cavitation occurs in numerous industrial and naval applications. Cavitation on lifting surfaces or in cryogenic rocket motors can damage equipment, and in general be detrimental to the system performance. Much work has gone into understanding the basic physical processes involved [2, 3, 4, 8]. If a partially cavitating condition is likely to occur, it would be of use to be able to control it. Kawanami et al. [6] used obstacles to prevent a re-entrant from moving upstream and they were successful in preventing the generation of cloud cavitation. However, recently Ganesh et al. [5] discovered that under certain conditions a condensation shock can be the dominant mechanism instead of a re-entrant jet, and under these conditions an obstacle placed on the surface is not sufficient to prevent cloud shedding from partial cavities.
To investigate the nature of cloud shedding in conditions where a condensation shock occurs, we investigated the effect of non-condensable gas injection both from the apex and into the mid cavity.


Experiments were carried out at the University of Michigan 9-Inch Water Tunnel. We utilized the X-ray densitometry system described by Mäkiharju et al. [7] to measure the time resolved 2D void fraction distribution without flow perturbations. To reduce the baseline attenuation, the water tunnel’s test section was further contracted to have a (76mm)2 cross-section.
The wedge geometry and gas injection locations are shown in figure 1. In addition to the 1 kHz void fraction measurements, the unsteady pressure was measured using surface mounted transducers sampled at 500 kHz. The transducers were located at 32 and 50 mm downstream of the apex.


Summarize English and Arabic text online

Summarize text automatically

Summarize English and Arabic text using the statistical algorithm and sorting sentences based on its importance

Download Summary

You can download the summary result with one of any available formats such as PDF,DOCX and TXT

Permanent URL

ٌYou can share the summary link easily, we keep the summary on the website for future reference,except for private summaries.

Other Features

We are working on adding new features to make summarization more easy and accurate


Latest summaries

إيميل A FORMAL...

إيميل A FORMAL EMAIL که تحمل From: Antonio Ricci [[email protected]] The Priory Language Sch...

لم يتفق الباحثو...

لم يتفق الباحثون على تعريف جامع للشيخوخة، وذلك لأنها ليست من الظواهر الثابتة التي تحدث في المراحل ال...

وتناولت دراسة (...

وتناولت دراسة (فياض، والزائدي 2009) الأزمة المالية العالمية وأثرها على أسعار النفط الخام، تناولت بش...

تعتبـــر التغذي...

تعتبـــر التغذية الصحية مهمة جدا خلال الســـنتين الاولى من عمر الطفل حيث يتطور النمو العقلي والجســـ...

ﻦ ﷲ، إﻻ إﻟﮫ ﻻ ﯾ...

ﻦ ﷲ، إﻻ إﻟﮫ ﻻ ﯾﺎﻣﻮﺳﻰ: ﻗُﻞ ْ ﻗﺎل: ﺑﮫ، وأدﻋُﻮك َ أذﻛﺮُك َ ﺷﯿﺌًﺎ ﻋَﻠﱠﻤﻨﻲ ؟ ھﺬا ﯾﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻋ ِ ﺒﺎدِك َ ﻛﻞ ﱡ ...

معايير التقييم ...

معايير التقييم الأساسية المهارة النسبة الفهم السمعي 20% التعبير الشفهي 25% القراءة والفهم 20% الكت...

التحسّس المبكّر...

التحسّس المبكّر لأمراض الكلى ضروري لمنع أو تأخير تطور المرض إلى مراحله النهائية. يشتمل التشخيص المبك...

عـهـدنـا كـنـزن...

عـهـدنـا كـنـزنـا حلم سـيـنــمـو فـينـا درب طـويــل و عـزمـنـا جــبـال فــيـنــا اهـدؤوا و ابـدؤو...

تحسن معدلات الن...

تحسن معدلات النجاة عالميًا: بفضل برامج التطعيم، وتحسن الرعاية الصحية الأولية، وانخفاض معدل الفقر. ...

. أوبين فلم إطا...

. أوبين فلم إطا الوية واماعلى الإساة غير عاوية زى بلغ الزاع ر الهدة والتظيم تجلد خاضأو لأحكام القانو...

I have a reques...

I have a request: whenever we make an appointment and it's an automated call reminder about the appo...

• في الدعائم ذا...

• في الدعائم ذات البنية المغلقة أو الشكل المصمت، يقتصر التحلل غالباً على السطح الخارجي، ما يؤدي إلى ...