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This observation has led to Rapoport's rule, namely that the latitudinal extent of a species' range increases towards the poles (Rapoport 1982).Thus, peripheral populations not only provide a refuge for endangered species but also represent geneticalAnalyses of range contractions in a wide variety of animals and plants suggest that populations often collapse first in the center, however, leaving isolated fragments on the periphery (Lomolino and Channell 1995; Channell and Lomolino 2000), with these collapses being due to the variety of causes outlined by Caughley (1994).
This observation has led to Rapoport’s rule, namely that the latitudinal extent of a species’ range
increases towards the poles (Rapoport 1982). This general pattern is modified by species
richness, rainfall, vegetation, and land surface, as seen in studies of birds (Gentilli
1992) and mammals (Pagel et al. 1991; Letcher and Harvey 1994; Smith et al. 1994).
Of great importance in conservation management is what happens to a species range
when the population declines. One expects that population densities tend to be higher
at the center of a population’s range than at the periphery. Geographic ranges should
collapse from the outside, with the center being the last to go (Brown 1995). Analyses
of range contractions in a wide variety of animals and plants suggest that populations
often collapse first in the center, however, leaving isolated fragments on the periphery
(Lomolino and Channell 1995; Channell and Lomolino 2000), with these collapses
being due to the variety of causes outlined by Caughley (1994). Thus, peripheral populations not only provide a refuge for endangered species but also represent genetical
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